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For smoother gaming, first set Windows to the highest refresh rate available at your chosen resolution. Then enable variable refresh rate (VRR) in the monitor’s menu and in the matching graphics software—NVIDIA G-SYNC or AMD FreeSync. On Windows 11, enable Optimizations for windowed games when you play compatible DirectX 10 or 11 titles in windowed or borderless mode. These settings can reduce tearing and latency, but the right combination depends on your display, graphics hardware, game, and priorities.
1. Set the display’s refresh rate in Windows
Open Settings > System > Display > Advanced display. If more than one screen is connected, select the monitor you use for gaming, then choose the highest refresh rate listed for the resolution you want to play at.
The available rates depend on the selected display and mode; a monitor’s advertised maximum is not necessarily the rate Windows is currently using. Microsoft’s refresh-rate instructions note that a starred option can change the resolution to reach that rate. After selecting it, verify both the resolution and refresh rate in Advanced display. The information panel also reports whether the display supports VRR, as Microsoft explains.
If the expected rate is missing, check the selected display and resolution first. The display’s manual can clarify which ports, modes, and on-screen settings support its advertised refresh rates; exact requirements vary by model.
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2. Enable VRR on the monitor and graphics card
VRR lets a compatible display adjust its refresh timing to follow the game’s frame delivery within the display’s supported range. It is separate from the refresh-rate choice in Windows: selecting a high fixed rate does not by itself enable G-SYNC or FreeSync.
Turn on the monitor’s VRR option
Use the monitor’s on-screen menu to enable its variable-refresh setting, if available. The label and location differ by manufacturer. AMD’s FreeSync setup guidance specifically advises confirming that FreeSync is enabled in the display menu.
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Configure NVIDIA G-SYNC
NVIDIA’s G-SYNC help page describes a setup requiring a G-SYNC or G-SYNC Compatible display, supported graphics hardware, and compatible applications. Its general workflow is to connect and enable the display, set it as the primary display in NVIDIA Control Panel, enable G-SYNC on the Set up G-SYNC page, and confirm Monitor Technology is set to G-SYNC or G-SYNC Compatible under Manage 3D Settings. Set the refresh rate to the highest available value as well.
NVIDIA’s cited help page is an older indexed resource, so installed driver versions may show different labels or layouts. Follow the equivalent display and G-SYNC controls in the current driver if the names do not match.
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Configure AMD FreeSync
Install the AMD display driver, enable FreeSync in the monitor’s menu, then open AMD Software: Adrenalin Edition and check the display’s FreeSync status under Display. AMD’s instructions, updated March 3, 2025, say compatible systems may enable FreeSync automatically; verify its status for the display you intend to use.
G-SYNC and FreeSync are separate vendor technologies and setup paths, not interchangeable certifications. Compatibility depends on the exact GPU, display, connection, supported refresh-rate range, and game. Confirm those details rather than assuming any VRR monitor will work with any graphics card.
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3. Improve compatible windowed games in Windows 11
For compatible DirectX 10 and DirectX 11 games played in windowed or borderless mode, Windows 11 offers Optimizations for windowed games. Microsoft says the option moves supported games from the legacy blt presentation model to a newer flip model, which can reduce frame latency and enable VRR on supported displays.
- Open Settings > System > Display > Graphics.
- Turn on Optimizations for windowed games.
- Restart the game for the change to take effect.
These instructions and the feature’s DirectX and display limitations are documented by Microsoft Support. Auto HDR also enables this optimization automatically.
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4. Don’t confuse Dynamic Refresh Rate with gaming VRR
Windows 11 Dynamic Refresh Rate (DRR) is a separate feature that adjusts refresh rate based on activity. Microsoft says it requires a VRR-capable display and a refresh rate of at least 120 Hz. It is not a universal gaming improvement: DRR should not affect games designed for VRR, but it can limit the maximum refresh rate of some other games.
If a game appears capped after you enable DRR, turn DRR off and compare. Microsoft describes the requirements and limitation in its Windows refresh-rate guidance.
5. Decide what to do when game FPS exceeds refresh rate
If a game’s frame rate regularly exceeds the display’s refresh rate, AMD recommends enabling V-Sync or capping the frame rate as a way to avoid tearing. Check the game’s own graphics or display options first; available controls and driver behavior can vary with the game and graphics API. AMD’s FreeSync technology guidance gives this as a conditional recommendation, not a universal setting or a specific cap value.
Choose based on the problem you are trying to solve: reducing visible tearing, keeping latency low, or holding a chosen frame rate. There is no one cap that fits every display and game, so use the game’s options and the capabilities of your hardware.
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Quick troubleshooting checklist
- Refresh rate is lower than expected: Recheck the selected monitor and resolution in Advanced display; see whether another listed mode offers the desired rate, and confirm that choosing it does not change resolution unexpectedly.
- VRR is unavailable or inactive: Confirm that the monitor supports VRR, its on-screen VRR option is enabled, and the graphics card and connection meet the display’s requirements. Then verify G-SYNC or FreeSync in the relevant vendor software.
- A borderless game still tears or feels laggy: If it is a compatible DirectX 10 or 11 title on Windows 11, try Optimizations for windowed games and restart the game.
- A game seems limited to a lower refresh rate: Check whether DRR is enabled and compare with it disabled; also verify the selected Windows refresh rate and the game’s own display settings.
- Tearing continues when FPS runs above refresh: Try the game’s V-Sync option or a frame-rate cap, then assess the latency and smoothness trade-off for that game.
When changing the monitor may be necessary
If the display lacks VRR or does not offer a suitable refresh rate at the resolution you want, Windows settings cannot add those capabilities. When considering a replacement, verify the exact monitor’s VRR support and range, certification where relevant, connection requirements, chosen resolution, and compatibility with your graphics card. Windows 10 support ended on October 14, 2025, so these Windows-specific steps center on Windows 11; menus and feature availability can differ on older systems.
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