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Repair common Windows errors and clear accumulated junk for a smoother, more stable PC - no reinstall needed.Free scan · no reinstallUbuntu Server normally installs security fixes through unattended-upgrades. To enable or confirm it, install the package if necessary, set both daily APT jobs to 1 in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades (or run sudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades), then review the policy in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades. Security updates are covered by the documented default; ordinary release updates and third-party repositories require deliberate policy changes.
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Automatic reboots are off unless you enable them. On Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and later, needrestart automatically restarts affected services by default, but a full reboot may still be the safest way to ensure every process uses updated code.
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What Ubuntu Server updates automatically
Ubuntu Server uses the unattended-upgrades package to install packages without an administrator starting each APT transaction. Ubuntu documents this package as installed by default for security updates. If it is missing, install it with:
sudo apt install unattended-upgradesThe default policy is intentionally conservative. It permits the current Ubuntu release’s security pocket and Ubuntu Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) security pockets when those are available. The documented default leaves the regular -updates, -proposed, and -backports origins commented out. In practice, a newly configured server receives security fixes automatically, not every package that happens to be published in the normal release channel.
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Three separate decisions control the result:
- Cadence: how often APT refreshes package lists and evaluates unattended upgrades.
- Origins: which Ubuntu pockets or repositories are trusted for unattended installation.
- Restart policy: whether services or the whole host may be restarted after a package changes.
Keeping those decisions separate lets you automate security maintenance while retaining control over compatibility-sensitive application updates.
Check that unattended-upgrades is installed
Most Ubuntu Server installations already contain the package. Verify its presence using your normal package-status method. If the package is absent, install it with the command above. Installing the package alone does not necessarily express your preferred schedule or repository policy, so continue through the configuration steps.
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The cadence file is /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades. It should contain both settings:
APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";Ubuntu defines the numeric values as follows:
| Value | Meaning |
|---|---|
0 |
Disable that action. |
1 |
Run it daily. |
2 |
Run it every two days. |
Both lines matter. Updating package lists tells APT to learn about newly published packages; the unattended-upgrade line permits the unattended installation step. Setting only one line can leave the other half of the process disabled.
Use the interactive configuration command instead
Ubuntu also documents this terminal path:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgradesThe command configures the unattended-upgrade choice interactively. After it completes, inspect 20auto-upgrades if you need to confirm the exact cadence values or maintain the server through configuration management.
Understand when the jobs actually run
The daily work is triggered by two systemd timer units: apt-daily.timer and apt-daily-upgrade.timer. Their schedules include a randomized delay. Consequently, “daily” means each day in the timer’s schedule, not a fixed clock time identical on every host.
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If a machine is powered off when a timer would have elapsed, systemd may run the missed job after the machine starts. That catch-up behavior is useful for persistent servers, but it can be surprising on short-lived virtual machines that start only briefly. Administrators of those VMs can override each timer with:
systemctl edit <timer_unit>In the override, set the timer’s persistence behavior to false:
[Timer]
Persistent=falseApply that override to both timer units when you do not want an offline interval to trigger an immediate catch-up run. This changes scheduling behavior; it does not broaden the repositories or packages that unattended-upgrades is allowed to install.
Choose which updates are allowed
The update-policy file is /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades. Its Allowed-Origins rules determine which origins unattended-upgrades can use. The documented default includes the current Ubuntu release and its security pocket, together with ESM security pockets when available.
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Security-only operation is the Ubuntu Server default described by Canonical. Canonical’s guidance says Ubuntu Server is configured to download and install new security updates—and only security updates—every day. This is the least surprising policy for production hosts because it limits unattended changes to fixes classified by Ubuntu as security updates.
How the documented timing works
Canonical’s security documentation records two age thresholds (Canonical, 2026): security updates are installed after 24 hours, while normal updates are installed after seven days. The daily timer still controls how often the host checks; the thresholds describe when each class becomes eligible under Canonical’s policy. They are not a guarantee that a package is installed at an exact minute, because timer randomization, repository availability, locks, and the host’s APT state can affect execution.
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| Update class | Documented eligibility timing | Default policy status |
|---|---|---|
| Security updates | After 24 hours (Canonical, 2026) | Included by the documented Ubuntu Server policy. |
| Normal release updates | After 7 days (Canonical, 2026) | Regular -updates origin is commented out in the documented default. |
Adding normal Ubuntu release updates
To include ordinary release updates, add the current release’s -updates origin in a later configuration file under /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/. Evaluate application compatibility and maintenance risk before doing so: the change allows a broader stream of package revisions to install without an approval step. Keep the release codename and origin aligned with the host; do not copy an origin entry intended for a different Ubuntu release.
Proposed and backports pockets
The documented default also leaves -proposed and -backports entries commented out. Do not enable them merely because they appear in the file. They should be considered separate policy decisions, with testing and an explicit reason for accepting their maintenance and compatibility characteristics.
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Third-party repositories and PPAs
Adding a repository or PPA to APT does not automatically make unattended-upgrades install from it. A third-party origin requires an explicit, matching Allowed-Origins entry. Approve only repositories that you own or have assessed for signing, support, update cadence, and compatibility with the Ubuntu release running on the server.
Preserve local policy with a drop-in
Do not edit the vendor-provided 50unattended-upgrades file directly when a local change is needed. Create a later-numbered configuration drop-in under /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/ so package upgrades can replace the vendor file without erasing your policy. Keep the local file under configuration management and document why each origin or package exception exists.
Control service restarts and host reboots
Installing a package and making its code available to new processes are different events. A running service can continue using an older library that was already loaded into memory. Decide separately whether unattended-upgrades may restart services and whether it may reboot the host.
Automatic reboot is disabled by default
Ubuntu’s documented default does not reboot automatically. To permit an automatic reboot when an update requests one, set:
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Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "true";Two related settings refine that behavior:
Automatic-Reboot-WithUserscontrols whether a reboot may occur while users are logged in.Automatic-Reboot-Timelets you choose a clock time, such as02:00, instead of rebooting immediately when the update requires it.
Place these local settings in a later drop-in rather than modifying the vendor file. A scheduled reboot is still downtime, so coordinate it with your service’s maintenance window, load balancer behavior, and out-of-band access.
Service restarts on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and later
Starting with Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, needrestart automatically restarts affected services by default. You can add a file under /etc/needrestart/conf.d/ to exclude a critical service or change the restart mode. Use that exception sparingly: blocking a restart prevents an application from receiving the new library until a later manual action.
When a full reboot is still the safest choice
A full reboot is not required for every package update, but it replaces all running processes and reloads the kernel and libraries. Canonical’s Ubuntu Explained guidance puts the trade-off plainly: “The foolproof way to ensure you are running updated versions is to reboot, but this impacts availability.” Treat that as an operational decision rather than assuming every unattended run should reboot.
Kernel updates and Livepatch
Livepatch is an adjacent option, not a replacement for unattended-upgrades. Canonical says Livepatch, included with Ubuntu Pro, can patch the running kernel until the next scheduled reboot. You still need a reboot plan for changes that Livepatch cannot apply and for normal userspace updates.
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After enabling the feature, review:
/var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades.logfor the unattended transaction record.- The related files in
/var/log/unattended-upgrades/for additional runs and error details. - The status of the host’s APT and relevant services using the package and service checks appropriate to your operating environment.
- The timer configuration and last-run information for
apt-daily.timerandapt-daily-upgrade.timer.
Look for completed runs, downloaded package metadata, installed packages, held packages, dependency errors, and messages that a reboot or service restart is required. A quiet log is not proof that nothing happened; it may mean no eligible package was available. Conversely, a failed APT transaction can stop later unattended runs until the package state is repaired.
Monitoring is a separate requirement
Canonical warns that unattended-upgrades operates independently on each node and has no built-in fleet monitoring. A configuration that works on one server can therefore fail silently on another. Production monitoring should detect failed APT runs, stale last-success timestamps, unresolved package errors, and hosts waiting for a reboot. Treat those signals as operational alerts, not as reasons to enable broader update origins automatically.
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Decide on a policy for production
Use the following choices to make the policy explicit before rolling it across a fleet:
| Decision | Conservative choice | Broader or more automated choice |
|---|---|---|
| Package coverage | Ubuntu security origins only. | Add the release -updates origin after compatibility review; approve other origins individually. |
| Cadence | Daily evaluation with both values set to 1. |
Set an alternate interval such as 2 for every two days, or disable an action with 0 when a controlled process replaces it. |
| Reboot | Leave automatic reboot disabled and act on the reboot-required signal during a maintenance window. | Enable Automatic-Reboot, optionally restrict it to a time such as 02:00, and define logged-in-user behavior. |
| Service restart | Use the Ubuntu 24.04 LTS-and-later needrestart default, with documented exceptions for critical services. |
Change restart mode or exclusions through /etc/needrestart/conf.d/ when application procedures require manual sequencing. |
| Repositories | Use the official Ubuntu origins included by default. | Add explicitly approved PPAs or third-party origins to Allowed-Origins only after review. |
| Operations | Manage a single host with log review and local checks. | For a fleet, add external monitoring and configuration management because each node runs independently. |
Applications that require migration steps, coordinated restarts, or strict change approval may justify limiting or disabling unattended installation for the affected packages. Ubuntu’s documentation allows administrators to block specific packages or restrict the feature where runtime changes carry unacceptable risk. Keep the security exposure and the manual remediation procedure visible in that exception’s documentation.
Troubleshoot common failures
The package is not installed
Install unattended-upgrades with sudo apt install unattended-upgrades, then configure the cadence and policy files. Recheck the log directory after the next scheduled run rather than assuming installation alone enabled every setting.
The timer ran, but no package was installed
Confirm that both lines in 20auto-upgrades are enabled and that the package origin is allowed. A daily evaluation can legitimately install nothing when no eligible security update is available, when a package is held, or when the update’s eligibility threshold has not been reached.
A server that was powered off updates immediately at startup
This is the documented persistent-timer catch-up behavior. For a short-lived VM where catch-up is undesirable, override both timer units with systemctl edit <timer_unit> and set Persistent=false under [Timer].
A normal Ubuntu update or PPA package was skipped
Check Allowed-Origins. The regular -updates pocket is not enabled in the documented default, and a repository added to APT is not automatically trusted by unattended-upgrades. Add a deliberate, matching origin in a later drop-in only after evaluating compatibility and maintenance risk.
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A service still uses old code after the run
Review the unattended-upgrades and related logs for restart notices. On Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and later, inspect needrestart behavior and any exclusions under /etc/needrestart/conf.d/. If a kernel or process-wide update requires it, schedule the full reboot that your availability plan permits.
Unattended runs stopped after an error
Inspect the APT and unattended-upgrades logs for dependency conflicts, interrupted transactions, repository failures, or another process holding the package manager. Canonical notes that a broken APT state can stop unattended-upgrades from working. Repair the package state through your normal change procedure, then verify a successful unattended run and restore monitoring.
Quick Recap
Enablement checklist
- Confirm the host’s Ubuntu release and maintenance policy.
- Verify that
unattended-upgradesis installed; install it if absent. - Set
APT::Periodic::Update-Package-ListsandAPT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgradeto"1"in20auto-upgrades, or usesudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades. - Review
Allowed-Originsin50unattended-upgrades; keep security-only coverage unless you have approved broader origins. - Put local origin, package, reboot, and restart changes in later drop-in files, not in the vendor file.
- Choose whether reboots remain manual, occur in a maintenance window, or are enabled automatically.
- Check the
apt-dailytimers, randomized scheduling, and any desired catch-up behavior. - Review
/var/log/unattended-upgrades/after the first run. - Configure alerts for failed runs, stale activity, broken APT state, and reboot-required conditions.
- Document exceptions for applications that cannot safely accept unattended runtime changes.
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