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How to Enable Memcached for PrestaShop on a VPS

A practical guide to enabling Memcached for PrestaShop: install the daemon and PHP client, bind it safely, configure the Performance page, and troubleshoot verification problems.
Length10 min Posted Quest giverVGSources Team
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To enable Memcached for PrestaShop, install two separate components on your VPS: the Memcached daemon and the PHP Memcached extension used by the web runtime. Then bind the daemon to a private interface, select Memcached in the PrestaShop back office under Performance, add the daemon’s host and configured port, and verify the extension through the web SAPI. Installing only the daemon does not make PrestaShop use it.

The exact package names, service units, bind addresses and ports depend on your Linux distribution and PHP version. Use the packages and service configuration supplied by your VPS operating system, and verify the configuration from PrestaShop rather than relying only on an SSH shell check.

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What Memcached does in a PrestaShop installation

Memcached is a server-side, distributed in-memory cache. PrestaShop can use it to avoid repeating work for data that can safely be reused, such as values generated during normal application requests. PrestaShop describes Memcached as especially effective when an installation uses multiple application servers because those servers can share one cache service.

Memcached is not a replacement for MySQL, PHP opcode caching or a content-delivery network. It is also not automatically active after installation. The Memcached project explicitly distinguishes the service from the application that consumes it: installing the daemon alone does not cache application data. PrestaShop must be configured to use the service, and PHP must have a compatible Memcached client extension.

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Think of the setup as three layers:

  • Daemon: the Memcached process running on the VPS or on a private cache host.
  • PHP client: the PHP Memcached PECL extension that lets the web application communicate with the daemon.
  • PrestaShop configuration: the Performance setting that selects Memcached and stores the server endpoint.

A failure in any one layer means the cache will not be used. A running daemon without the PHP extension is unreachable from PHP; an installed extension without a selected backend is idle; and a configured backend with an inaccessible network endpoint produces connection errors or causes PrestaShop to fall back to another cache method.

Check the VPS and PrestaShop prerequisites

Before changing the cache backend, record your current configuration and make a backup of the relevant service and PrestaShop settings. A cache change should be reversible, particularly on a live store.

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Supported server stack

Use a Unix or Linux VPS where you have enough access to install packages, change service configuration and restart the PHP runtime. The web server can be Apache or Nginx, provided it is running a PHP version supported by the installed PrestaShop release.

PrestaShop’s PrestaShop 8 getting-started documentation lists PHP 7.2 or later, MySQL 5.6 or later, and at least 256 MB of RAM dedicated to PHP among its requirements or recommendations. The 256 MB figure is a PHP allocation guideline for that documented setup; it is not a recommendation to give Memcached 256 MB, and it does not define a universal cache size.

Confirm which PHP runtime serves the store

Command-line PHP and the PHP runtime behind Apache or PHP-FPM can load different configuration files and extensions. Identify the PHP-FPM pool or Apache module serving the virtual host, the PHP version it uses, and the service that must be restarted after an extension is enabled. A successful SSH check against CLI PHP is not proof that the web SAPI can load Memcached.

Check host support

PrestaShop’s Performance documentation says that Memcached requires host support and the PHP Memcached PECL extension. If your VPS plan does not permit package installation, private networking or PHP extension control, ask the host whether those capabilities are available or move the store to a plan that provides them.

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Install the Memcached daemon

Debian or Ubuntu

Use the distribution package rather than compiling an unrelated copy. On Debian and Ubuntu, the Memcached server guide gives this command:

apt-get install memcached

Run it with the privileges required by your VPS policy, commonly through a root shell or with sudo. The package manager resolves dependencies and receives security updates through the normal operating-system update process.

Red Hat, Fedora and other distributions

Use the package manager shipped with the distribution to install its Memcached server package. Package names and service-unit names differ between distributions and releases, so do not copy a Debian service command into a Red Hat-based system without checking the unit installed by your package.

After installation, confirm that the package created a service and that the service is enabled according to your operating system’s conventions. The daemon must be running before PrestaShop can connect, but a running process alone does not prove that it is listening on the intended interface or that it is reachable from the web server.

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Bind Memcached safely and choose its memory allocation

Memcached is normally deployed as a private service. Keep it on localhost when the web server and PHP runtime are on the same VPS. If the cache is on another host, bind it only to the private interface used by the application servers and protect that network path with your VPS firewall or private network controls. Do not expose an unauthenticated Memcached daemon directly to the public internet.

Use the configuration file or service options provided by your distribution. The Memcached server guide documents several important options:

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  • -m controls the amount of memory available for stored items. It is an item-storage setting, not a global limit on every byte the process might consume.
  • -d starts Memcached as a daemon in environments where that mode is selected by the service configuration.
  • -v increases logging verbosity. It can help during a short diagnostic session, but verbose logging should not be left enabled indefinitely on a busy store without a reason.

Choose the item-storage memory in relation to the VPS’s total RAM, PHP workers, database, web server and operating-system needs. The available documentation does not define a universal percentage, minimum allocation or best port for every PrestaShop installation. Start with a conservative value appropriate to the machine, monitor memory pressure, and adjust only after observing the workload.

Check the package’s service configuration to learn the actual bind address and listening port. Do not assume that a value from another distribution applies to your VPS. After changing the service configuration, restart the Memcached service using the unit name installed by your operating system and inspect its status or logs for startup errors.

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Install the PHP Memcached extension

The PHP client is a separate installation from the daemon. Install the Memcached extension supplied for the exact PHP version and SAPI that serves PrestaShop. Distribution packages, PHP versions and service layouts use different names, so select the package that your operating system identifies as the PHP Memcached or Memcached PECL extension rather than installing a similarly named client for another language.

When more than one PHP version is present, verify which one the virtual host uses before enabling the extension. It is common for an SSH command to invoke one PHP binary while PHP-FPM runs another. Enable the extension for the web runtime, then restart the corresponding PHP-FPM service or Apache process so it loads the new module.

Do not treat a restart of only the Memcached daemon as sufficient after installing a PHP module. The daemon and PHP workers are independent processes; existing workers generally need to be restarted before they can load a newly enabled extension.

Verify the extension in the web runtime

PrestaShop provides two practical checks:

  1. Open the PrestaShop back office and go to Advanced Settings > Information. Review the server and PHP information shown for the running store, and confirm that the Memcached extension is visible to that web request.
  2. Use PrestaShop’s documented phppsinfo.php checker when you need a fuller PHP configuration report. Upload it to the store directory only for the diagnostic period and protect or remove it afterward, because a PHP information page reveals environment details that should not remain public.

If the extension appears in CLI output but not in the back-office information, the web SAPI is using a different PHP configuration. Recheck the virtual host, PHP-FPM pool, loaded configuration path and service restart, then repeat the web-runtime check.

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Select Memcached in PrestaShop

Open the Performance configuration

  1. Sign in to the PrestaShop back office with an account allowed to change performance settings.
  2. Open the Performance configuration page.
  3. In the caching method section, select Memcached.
  4. Use Add server to create a Memcached endpoint.
  5. Enter the host or IP address that the web server can reach and the port shown in the Memcached service configuration.
  6. Save the configuration and verify that the server remains listed after the page reloads.

For a same-VPS installation, the host is normally the private or local address to which the daemon is bound. For a separate cache host, use its private network address, not a public address, unless your security design explicitly requires another arrangement and protects the connection.

Adding more than one server

PrestaShop describes Memcached as a distributed cache and notes its usefulness with multiple servers. If your architecture has several application servers, add the endpoint or endpoints that those servers can all reach through the private network. Keep the endpoint list consistent across application nodes; otherwise, different nodes can write to different caches and appear to lose entries intermittently.

Do not add a second server simply because the form allows it. Each endpoint increases the operational surface you must monitor and secure. Add another cache host only when your deployment design actually needs shared capacity or distribution.

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Confirm that PrestaShop is really using Memcached

There are three separate questions to answer: can PHP load the client, can the web server reach the daemon, and is PrestaShop configured to select that backend?

  • Client check: Memcached is visible in the PHP information displayed by Advanced Settings > Information or the documented phppsinfo.php report.
  • Connectivity check: the daemon is running, listening on the configured private address and port, and reachable from the PHP host through local or private networking.
  • Application check: Memcached is selected on the Performance page and the saved server entry matches the daemon endpoint.

Once all three checks pass, exercise normal store pages while watching the Memcached service logs and the VPS’s resource monitors. Look for connection failures, repeated restarts, memory pressure or a growing error rate. A faster page after a configuration change is not, by itself, proof that Memcached supplied the improvement; attribute changes only after the extension, endpoint and application setting have been verified.

The official material consulted for this setup does not publish a universal latency reduction, throughput gain or conversion improvement. Results depend on the store’s modules, traffic pattern, PHP workers, database workload and cacheable data, so use your own before-and-after measurements rather than a promised percentage.

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How Memcached compares with other PrestaShop cache choices

PrestaShop’s descriptions of file-system caching, Memcached and APC are version-specific. Check the Performance page and documentation that match your installed release before changing an existing backend.

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Cache choice Distribution model Where data resides Important operational consideration
File-system caching Local to one server Files on the server’s filesystem Multiple application servers do not automatically share the same cache files.
Memcached Distributed; useful across multiple servers Memory in a Memcached service Requires the daemon, the PHP Memcached extension, private connectivity and endpoint configuration.
APC Primarily single-server Memory associated with the local PHP server Its scope is tied to the individual server rather than a shared cache service.

Opcode caching is a separate concern from application data caching. It can reduce the work required to compile PHP code, while Memcached stores application values that PrestaShop is programmed to retrieve. Enabling one does not make the other unnecessary.

Troubleshoot the common failure modes

Memcached is not listed in PrestaShop

First check the PHP extension in the web runtime. If it is absent from Advanced Settings > Information, install or enable the extension for the PHP-FPM or Apache runtime serving the shop and restart that service. A CLI-only check is insufficient.

The extension is loaded but the connection fails

Compare the host and port saved in PrestaShop with the address and port in the daemon’s service configuration. Then check the bind address, local firewall and private-network rules. A daemon bound only to localhost cannot be reached through a private network address, while a daemon bound to a private interface cannot be reached through an unrelated public address.

The daemon will not start after a configuration edit

Review the service status and logs for an invalid option, an unavailable bind address or a port conflict. Restore the previous configuration if necessary, start the package-provided service with its original options, and make one change at a time. The meanings of -m, -d and -v are consistent in the official guide, but the surrounding service-file syntax is distribution-specific.

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The store works, but performance does not change

Confirm that PrestaShop saved Memcached as the selected backend and that the PHP extension belongs to the web SAPI. Also check whether the pages or modules you are measuring actually use the configured cache. Memcached does not accelerate code that never reads from it, and no official source provides a guaranteed speed increase for every store.

Several application servers behave inconsistently

Ensure every node has the PHP Memcached extension, uses the same PrestaShop cache setting and can reach the same private endpoint list. Differences in PHP versions, service configuration or network access can make one node cache successfully while another fails.

Security and maintenance checklist

  • Keep the daemon on localhost or a private interface; never publish an unauthenticated cache service to the internet.
  • Use operating-system packages so dependency resolution and security updates follow the VPS distribution.
  • Document the PHP version and SAPI that serve the store before installing the extension.
  • Restart the relevant PHP-FPM or Apache service after enabling the extension.
  • Use Advanced Settings > Information or the temporary phppsinfo.php report to verify the web runtime, then remove or protect diagnostic files.
  • Record the Memcached bind address, port and memory setting so they can be restored during an incident.
  • Watch memory pressure and service logs after enabling the cache; the -m value limits item storage, not every process allocation.
  • Keep a backup of the previous PrestaShop and service configuration before switching the backend.

When Memcached is the right choice

Memcached is a sensible choice when your VPS permits the required PHP extension, the daemon can remain on a trusted private network and your deployment benefits from a cache shared by more than one application server. On a single server, file-system caching may be operationally simpler, while opcode caching addresses a different layer of PHP execution. The correct choice depends on the installed PrestaShop release, available extensions, network layout and observed workload rather than on a universal benchmark.

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