Run Murmur—the server component of Mumble—on a VPS by installing the distribution’s mumble-server package or the official Docker image, persisting its database, opening the Mumble TCP and UDP port, and securing administration before inviting users. The normal voice connection uses TCP 64738 and UDP 64738 unless you choose another port. ICE administration must remain private, and the SuperUser account should be used only for initial setup and recovery.
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This guide covers a native Linux deployment and a Docker deployment, the configuration file, TLS, firewall rules, optional public registration, backups, upgrades, and tests that reveal common mistakes.
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Mumble has two components: the client application and the server component, historically known as Murmur and commonly packaged as mumble-server. The server stores channels, accounts, permissions, and settings on disk, so a VPS deployment needs persistent storage rather than an ephemeral filesystem.
Choose a supported Linux distribution with current security updates, SSH access, a public IPv4 address or a DNS name, and a host firewall. Your VPS or cloud firewall must pass both TCP and UDP traffic. A plan that supports only TCP cannot carry normal Mumble voice traffic correctly.
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Decisions to make before installing
- Deployment method: use the distribution package when you want the operating system’s service manager, package updates, and familiar host-level logs. Use Docker when you prefer an image-based release and an explicit data mount.
- Address: decide whether players will connect to a DNS name or an IP address. A DNS name is preferable when you plan to use a certificate or change VPS addresses.
- Port: keep 64738 unless another service already uses it. If you change it, change the host firewall, cloud firewall, Docker publication, and client connection port together.
- Storage: reserve persistent space for the Murmur database, configuration, certificates, and logs. Back up the database and configuration before upgrades.
- Exposure: decide whether this is a private community server or a publicly listed server. Public registration has additional requirements and is optional.
Ports and traffic you actually need
| Purpose | Protocol | Default port | Internet exposure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mumble client connection | TCP | 64738 | Allow to the VPS |
| Mumble voice traffic | UDP | 64738 | Allow to the VPS |
| ICE administration | Configured by Murmur | Use your configuration | Keep private; do not expose publicly |
Murmur can listen on a different port. It can also host additional virtual servers; those servers increment from the first bound port according to the server configuration. Document every virtual server port and open only the ranges you intentionally use.
Install Murmur from the Linux package
1. Update the VPS and install the package
Log in over SSH, apply the distribution’s security updates, then install the package named mumble-server with your distribution package manager. Package names and prompts vary by distribution, so follow the package manager’s service-account and configuration prompts rather than copying paths from another operating system.
After installation, start Murmur with the distribution service manager. On a system using systemd, the usual checks are:
sudo systemctl enable --now mumble-server
sudo systemctl status mumble-server
sudo journalctl -u mumble-serverIf your distribution uses a different service manager, use its equivalent start, status, restart, and log commands. A successful status check should show a running process; the log should identify the configuration file and listening address or report a configuration error you can correct before opening the firewall.
2. Set the SuperUser password once
Murmur provides a special SuperUser account. It bypasses all access controls, so treat it as a break-glass credential, not as the account used for everyday moderation. Set a long, unique password with the server executable’s documented option:
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mumble-server --set-su-pw <password>The executable also supports --ini <inifile>, --foreground, and --verbose. Use the --ini option when the package’s configuration is not in its default location. Avoid placing the real password in shell history or a shared process list; enter it in a controlled session and store it in a password manager.
Restart or reload the service only when your package instructions require it. Connect with the SuperUser credentials to verify that the password works, then create an ordinary account and grant that account the administrative rights it needs. Log out of SuperUser after this test.
3. Find and edit the INI configuration
Murmur’s configuration is line-oriented: one key=value setting per line. Blank lines are ignored, and text following # is treated as a comment. Edit the INI file installed by your package, preserve its ownership and permissions, and keep a dated backup before changing it.
At minimum, set a distinct server name, the listening port, a user limit appropriate to the VPS, and persistent database and log locations. The optional serverpassword setting protects a server with one shared password; leave it empty if you intend to use public registration. Do not confuse this with the SuperUser password: a server password controls entry to a virtual server, while SuperUser is an administrative account that bypasses ACLs.
Bandwidth and capacity
The documented default bandwidth is 558000 bits per second per user. That is a configuration default, not a promise that a small VPS or a limited network plan can support any particular number of simultaneous speakers. Set a user limit that fits your CPU, memory, disk, and bandwidth budget, and monitor the host as the community grows.
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Open the firewall without exposing administration
Allow TCP 64738 and UDP 64738 on the VPS firewall and on any cloud security group. If Murmur listens on another port, substitute that value in both rules. Test from a separate network rather than from the VPS itself; local tests can succeed even when a cloud firewall blocks outside users.
Do not publish the ICE administration port. ICE is an administrative interface, not a client voice port. The Mumble documentation warns that anyone who can reach ICE without configured secrets has full administrative access to every virtual server in the Murmur process.
ICE hardening
- Bind ICE to localhost whenever all administration occurs on the VPS itself.
- If remote administration is necessary, restrict the port at the host and cloud firewalls to a fixed management address or VPN network.
- Set both
icesecretreadandicesecretwriteto strong, separate secrets. - Do not place ICE credentials in public issue trackers, chat messages, container logs, or shell history.
- After changing ICE settings, verify from an external scan or a second network that the port is not reachable from the public internet.
Configure TLS correctly
Use a certificate whose name matches the DNS name clients enter. Protect the private key, restrict its filesystem permissions, and make sure the Murmur service account can read the certificate and key. If the certificate is readable only by root, the service may start without TLS or fail to load the files.
Test the complete chain from a client using the same hostname that appears in the certificate. An IP address connection can produce a name mismatch even when the certificate is otherwise valid. Check the expiry date and schedule renewal before it becomes a service outage.
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Automated certificates with Docker
The official Docker image includes an -acme variant that can issue and renew certificates through ACME. It requires an account email, a domain, persistent storage, and either HTTP or DNS challenge settings. The challenge method must be reachable in the way your DNS and firewall configuration expects; otherwise issuance will fail even when Mumble’s voice port is open.
Optional public registration
Leave public registration disabled for a private clan, guild, or friends-only server. To register publicly, Murmur’s documented requirements are cumulative:
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- A valid TLS certificate must be configured, or Murmur must be using its automatically generated self-signed certificate.
registerHostnamemust resolve publicly to the server.
Check DNS resolution from outside your VPS and confirm that TCP and UDP client traffic reaches the same port advertised in the registration settings. A server that is password-protected, privately firewalled, or published under an unresolved hostname will not satisfy these conditions.
Run Murmur with Docker instead
Persistent storage is mandatory
Docker is a documented alternative to the native package. Mount a persistent host directory at /data; this is where the container keeps the database and other state. If the container is removed without that mount, channels, ACLs, and credentials can disappear with it.
The official example publishes both protocols and restarts after a failure:
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docker run --detach
--name mumble-server
--publish 64738:64738/tcp
--publish 64738:64738/udp
--volume ./data/mumble:/data
--restart on-failure
mumblevoip/mumble-server:<tag>Use a tested image tag for repeatable deployments. Tags such as vX.Y.Z represent stable releases, while latest follows the newest image and can change when you recreate the container.
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Supply configuration through environment variables
The image accepts settings through environment variables named MUMBLE_CONFIG_<configName>. It can set the administrative password with MUMBLE_SUPERUSER_PASSWORD. Keep the password out of shell history and protect the environment file or deployment secret that contains it. After starting the container, inspect its logs and confirm that the mounted /data directory is writable by the container process.
Native package versus Docker
| Decision point | Native package | Docker |
|---|---|---|
| Upgrade control | Controlled by the distribution package and its repositories | Controlled by the image tag you pull and deploy |
| Service lifecycle | Managed by the operating system’s service manager | Managed by the container runtime and restart policy |
| Persistent state | Uses the package’s database and log paths on the host | Requires a persistent host mount at /data |
| Configuration | Edit the installed INI file | Use environment variables and mounted data |
| Observability | Use service status and system logs | Use container status and container logs, plus host metrics |
| Certificate automation | Renew certificates with your host tooling and reload Murmur | Use the image’s ACME variant with its required domain, email, persistence, and challenge settings |
First-connection and administration workflow
- Resolve the address: verify that the DNS name points to the VPS public address, or record the public IP you will give users.
- Check the listeners: confirm that Murmur is listening on the selected TCP and UDP port, not only on localhost.
- Test externally: connect from a mobile connection or another network using the exact hostname or IP and port.
- Verify TLS: inspect the certificate name, expiry, and trust result from the client.
- Test SuperUser: authenticate once, then create a normal administrative account with only the ACL rights it needs.
- Test ordinary access: join with a non-administrative account and confirm that channel and moderation permissions behave as intended.
- Test ICE isolation: from outside the VPS, verify that the ICE port is unreachable; from the permitted management location, verify that authenticated administration still works.
- Restart-test persistence: restart the service or recreate the container, reconnect, and confirm that channels, ACLs, accounts, and configuration remain intact.
Backups, upgrades, and operational checks
What to back up
- The Murmur database containing channels, registered users, and ACLs.
- The INI file or Docker environment configuration.
- TLS certificates and private keys, stored with restrictive permissions.
- Any ACME account or renewal data needed by your certificate workflow.
- Firewall and cloud security-group rules, so a rebuild does not accidentally expose ICE or block UDP.
Back up while the service is in a consistent state, retain more than one generation, and test restoring to a disposable VPS. A backup that has never been restored is only an assumption.
Upgrade discipline
For a native installation, read the package’s upgrade notes, back up the database and INI file, upgrade during a maintenance window, and inspect logs before announcing that the server is ready. For Docker, pull the pinned replacement tag, stop the old container, recreate it with the same /data mount and port publications, then verify the image logs and client connection. Do not replace a persistent mount with a new empty directory during an upgrade.
Troubleshooting by symptom
Clients cannot connect at all
- Confirm the service is running and listening on the configured port.
- Check both host and cloud firewalls for TCP and UDP rules.
- Verify that the client is using the changed port if you did not keep 64738.
- Check DNS from an external network and confirm it resolves to the current VPS address.
Users connect but voice is missing or unreliable
- Confirm UDP is allowed; TCP alone is insufficient for normal voice traffic.
- Check that Docker publishes
64738:64738/udpas well as the TCP mapping. - Look for a changed Murmur port or a cloud firewall rule that allows only the old port.
- Compare the user limit and bandwidth setting with the VPS plan and expected simultaneous users.
SuperUser login fails
- Reset the password with the executable’s
--set-su-pwoption against the same INI file used by the running service. - Confirm that you are connecting to the intended virtual server and not a different instance on the VPS.
- Check service logs for a wrong configuration path or a failed restart.
TLS warnings or startup errors appear
- Use the hostname contained in the certificate.
- Check certificate expiry and the complete chain.
- Verify that the Murmur service account can read the certificate and private key.
- After renewal, use the supported reload signal and confirm success in the logs.
Channels or accounts vanish after a Docker change
The container was probably recreated without the original /data mount, or the host directory was not writable. Stop the new container, restore the original persistent directory, and recreate it with the same volume mapping before making further changes.
VPS selection checklist
There is no single VPS size that guarantees a particular Mumble population. Select a plan by checking the capabilities that affect this workload:
- UDP availability and configurable firewall rules.
- Public IPv4, IPv6, or both, depending on your clients.
- Bandwidth quota and transfer policies for continuous voice traffic.
- CPU and RAM headroom for your user limit and any other services on the host.
- Persistent disk space and snapshots or backup support.
- Datacenter region close to most players to reduce latency.
- Provider support for network troubleshooting and abuse handling.
Start conservatively, monitor concurrent users and bandwidth, and raise the user limit only after the VPS and network plan have demonstrated enough headroom.
Quick Recap
Security checklist before inviting players
- Apply current operating-system security updates.
- Use SSH keys and restrict administrative SSH access where practical.
- Set and securely store a strong SuperUser password.
- Create ordinary administrative accounts and use ACLs for daily work.
- Allow only the required Mumble TCP and UDP port.
- Bind ICE locally or restrict it to a management network, and set both ICE secrets.
- Protect certificate private keys and verify service-account permissions.
- Back up the database and configuration, then test restoration.
- Confirm that a restart preserves channels, ACLs, users, and passwords.
- Keep public registration disabled unless its worldwide reachability, empty server password, TLS, and DNS requirements are intentional.
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