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Before you configure the event
Confirm that the source is actually HDR and that the installed Elemental Live appliance, software version, and license support the output you intend to create. A 4K frame size alone does not make footage HDR. YouTube HDR requires HEVC, 10-bit video, BT.2020 color primaries and matrix, and transfer characteristics that match the content: PQ (ST 2084) or HLG. Do not turn SDR into purported HDR by forcing HDR metadata or a conversion that does not represent the source accurately. YouTube’s HDR live streaming guidance describes the signal requirements; consult the documentation for your installed Elemental Live version for appliance-specific capabilities.
AWS’s April 14, 2021 Elemental Live tutorial is a useful worked setup, but its UI and endpoint syntax may not match current YouTube instructions. Create or verify the YouTube stream key and ingest details in YouTube Studio immediately before configuring a live event. Keep the key private; anyone with it may be able to broadcast to your channel.
Configure the YouTube HLS destination
- Create a YouTube HLS stream key. In YouTube Studio’s live-stream setup, select HLS and leave “Turn on manual settings” unchecked. YouTube specifies this configuration for HDR HLS. Use the endpoint and credentials shown for your stream rather than relying on an old copied URL. YouTube Help: HDR live streaming.
- Create an event in Elemental Live. Start a new event, configure the HDR-capable input, and add an Apple HLS output group, as in AWS’s tutorial.
- Set the HLS output to the current YouTube destination. Enter the YouTube HLS upload endpoint and the channel stream key according to the current YouTube and Elemental Live instructions. AWS’s 2021 example uses a destination URL that requires a trailing ampersand; confirm the exact endpoint syntax in the current instructions before using it.
- Set segments and upload behavior. AWS’s example uses two-second segments and Basic PUT. YouTube’s HLS requirements specify MPEG-2 transport stream segments 1–4 seconds long, a rolling playlist with no more than five outstanding segments, HTTPS POST or PUT, no byte ranges, and no encryption other than HTTPS. Check that the output group’s settings meet those requirements.
Set the video encoder for 4K HDR
The values below reproduce AWS’s published example. They are a starting configuration for a compatible source and appliance, not a promise that every source, network, or YouTube ingest setup should use these exact values.
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| Elemental Live setting | AWS worked-example value |
|---|---|
| Output resolution | 3840×2160 |
| Video codec | HEVC |
| Frame rate | 59.940 fps |
| Video bitrate | 20,000,000 bits/s (20 Mbps) |
| GOP size | 2 seconds |
| B-frames | 2 |
| GOP structure | Closed GOP; cadence 1 |
| Reference frames | 1 |
| Profile | Main10 (the tutorial describes the profile as Main10/main) |
| Scene-change settings | Scene-change detection enabled, using the options in AWS’s tutorial |
| HDR processing | Color corrector enabled; AWS’s example selects Force HDR10 |
AWS’s example sets Force HDR10. Use that only when the input and intended output genuinely support HDR10 and the conversion preserves correct color signaling. YouTube accepts PQ or HLG when consistent with the content; forcing HDR10 is not a substitute for verifying the actual source transfer function, primaries, matrix, and bit depth. AWS states that HDR10 output needs HEVC and a Main10 profile. Its stated 4K appliance-series requirement on the cited page concerns Dolby Vision output, so do not apply that restriction to HDR10; check your installed-version documentation for the capabilities and licensing of your specific system. AWS Elemental Live HDR documentation.
Choose bitrate and keyframe interval for the real source
The 20 Mbps value belongs to AWS’s 2021 example. It is not a universal YouTube target for every 4K frame rate or codec. YouTube publishes encoder guidance by resolution, frame rate, and codec, and regional versions of its guidance may show different values. Before going live, check the current table for the precise combination you will send in YouTube’s live encoder settings. Ensure the sustained upload capacity between Elemental Live and YouTube can support the configured bitrate plus network overhead; transient capacity below the output rate can cause buffering or ingest interruptions.
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YouTube’s general live guidance calls for a two-second keyframe frequency and says not to exceed four seconds. The AWS example’s two-second GOP aligns with that guidance. Keep the output frame rate and GOP behavior consistent with the source and the encoder’s supported settings.
Validate HDR and the live output
- Check the encoded signal. Confirm HEVC, 10-bit output, BT.2020 primaries and matrix, and PQ or HLG transfer characteristics that match the content. Verify the output rather than inferring HDR from resolution or a setting name.
- Start the event and inspect ingest status. Confirm that Elemental Live is sending to the current YouTube HLS endpoint and that YouTube Studio reports an incoming stream. Never publish or share the stream key in screenshots, logs, or examples.
- Test on an HDR-capable playback device. YouTube can deliver HDR to supported devices and an SDR version to devices without HDR support. The Live Control Room preview does not display HDR colors, so its appearance is not a reliable check of HDR rendering. Use playback on an HDR-capable device to assess the result. YouTube’s HDR viewing guidance.
Troubleshoot common failures
- YouTube does not receive the stream: Recheck that the stream key is the HLS key for the intended event, the endpoint is current, and the Elemental Live output group is using the expected HTTPS destination and POST or PUT behavior. If using AWS’s older example URL, verify the required trailing ampersand against current endpoint instructions.
- The stream connects but is not recognized as HDR: Check that the source is real HDR, that output is HEVC Main10 at 10 bits, and that BT.2020 and PQ or HLG signaling match the source. A 4K output or an HDR10 control alone does not prove the video is correctly encoded as HDR.
- The HDR preview looks washed out or SDR-like: Do not use the Live Control Room preview to judge HDR color; it does not display HDR colors. Check playback on an HDR-capable device and re-verify the encoded color metadata.
- Playback buffers or the ingest drops: Compare the configured bitrate with YouTube’s current guidance for your exact codec and frame rate, and verify that the connection sustains the output rate. AWS’s 20 Mbps example is not a universal bitrate recommendation.
- Segment or playlist errors appear: Check for MPEG-2 TS segments of 1–4 seconds, a rolling playlist with no more than five outstanding segments, no byte ranges, and no encryption beyond HTTPS.
- The appliance cannot produce the selected profile or format: Confirm model, software version, and license in the installed Elemental Live documentation. Do not infer an HDR10 restriction from AWS’s separate 4K appliance note for Dolby Vision.
Or let it run in the cloud
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