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How to Self-Host Supabase With Docker on a VPS

A practical, release-aware guide to self-hosting Supabase on a VPS with Docker, covering server sizing, both install routes, configuration, startup, analytics and troubleshooting.
Length10 min Posted Quest giverVGSources Team

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To self-host Supabase on a VPS, use the official docker/ directory, create a local .env from the supplied example, replace every placeholder with your own secrets and public URLs, then start the stack with sh run.sh start. The official minimum is 4 GB of RAM and 2 CPU cores; production-scale deployments should start at 8 GB and 4 cores.

What you are deploying

Supabase’s self-hosted distribution is delivered as a Docker-based stack. You run the containers on a server you control instead of using a hosted project. Docker Compose starts and coordinates the services, while the .env file supplies secrets, hostnames and other configuration values.

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This approach gives you control over the VPS, network and data location, but it also makes you responsible for operating the server. You must keep Docker and the Supabase release current, protect credentials, provide reliable storage and networking, and decide how backups and recovery will work. The commands below follow the current official self-hosting workflow summarized in Supabase’s documentation as of October 14, 2026.

VPS requirements before you begin

Deployment target Memory CPU How to interpret it
Official minimum 4 GB RAM 2 CPU cores Baseline listed by the official self-hosting guide. It is the minimum starting point, not a performance guarantee.
Production-scale recommendation 8 GB RAM 4 CPU cores Recommended by the same guide for production-scale work and a safer margin for concurrent services.

The guide does not publish an authoritative disk-size number, image-download size or idle-memory figure. Do not select a disk by copying unofficial estimates. Choose a VPS with enough SSD capacity for the operating system, Docker images, database growth, logs and your backup policy, then monitor actual usage.

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  • Use a Linux VPS for the normal server installation. The Linux path uses Docker Engine and Docker Compose.
  • Have administrative access to install packages and create the project directory.
  • Install Git so you can obtain the official repository contents and update them later.
  • Assign a hostname or public address that you can use consistently when configuring public URLs.
  • Plan how you will restrict administrative access, apply operating-system updates and recover the VPS if it fails.

Docker Desktop is intended for desktop and Mac installations. It is not the usual runtime for a rented Linux VPS.

Choose an installation route

The official workflow offers two routes. Both produce the same Docker-based deployment, but they differ in how much configuration is automated and how explicitly you control the release version.

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Route What it does Best fit Important trade-off
Linux quick-start script Can install Docker, generate secrets and prompt for URLs. A first deployment where you want guided setup. Read every prompt and review the generated configuration before exposing the server.
Manual repository setup Clone the repository, enter its docker/ directory, copy the example environment file and edit it yourself. Teams that want repeatable, reviewable configuration and explicit release control. You are responsible for generating valid values and keeping the pinned release updated.

The manual instructions in the current guide show a release tag of self-hosted/v0.8.2. That tag is volatile: verify the latest supported tag in the live Supabase documentation before cloning or upgrading. Do not assume that an older tag remains current just because it appears in an example.

Route A: use the Linux quick-start script

On a supported Linux VPS, the quick-start script is the shortest path. It is designed to install Docker when needed, create secrets and ask for the URLs that clients will use.

  1. Log in to the VPS with an account that can install system packages and run Docker.
  2. Open the official Supabase self-hosting guide and copy the current quick-start command exactly. The command itself can change, so do not substitute a remembered version.
  3. When prompted, provide the public URLs for the deployment. Use the real scheme and hostname you intend to publish; changing them later requires editing the environment configuration.
  4. Review the generated .env file. Confirm that placeholders have been replaced and that secrets are unique to this installation.
  5. Change into the generated project’s docker/ directory and start the stack with sh run.sh start.
  6. Check the result with docker compose ps. Continue only when the expected containers are running and healthy.

The script reduces typing; it does not remove the need to understand the resulting configuration. Keep a protected copy of the final non-secret settings and record which release tag was installed. Never paste generated credentials into tickets, chat or shell history that other users can read.

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Route B: configure the repository manually

The manual route is preferable when you want code review, infrastructure automation or a deliberate upgrade process. The exact repository and tag commands are maintained in Supabase’s guide; use those commands rather than reconstructing a URL from memory.

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  1. Install Git and Docker Engine with Docker Compose on the Linux VPS.
  2. Clone the Supabase repository using the release tag currently documented for self-hosting. The guide currently displays self-hosted/v0.8.2; confirm whether a newer supported tag has replaced it.
  3. Change into the repository’s docker/ directory. The stack scripts and Compose files are expected to be run from this project directory.
  4. Copy the example environment file to .env.
  5. Edit .env and replace every placeholder. Set your own secrets, dashboard credentials and public URL values as required by the current docker/CONFIG.md and .env.example.
  6. Start the deployment with sh run.sh start. This is equivalent to running docker compose up -d --wait from the project directory.
  7. Run docker compose ps and investigate any service that is not running or healthy before directing application traffic to the VPS.

Pinning a tag makes the deployment reproducible, but it also means updates are deliberate. When you upgrade, read the release notes and configuration changes, back up data according to your own recovery plan, update the checked-out tag, compare the new example environment file with your existing .env, and then start the stack again.

Configure the environment file safely

docker/CONFIG.md is the authoritative reference for environment variables. It explains each variable and whether it applies to the command-line tooling, self-hosting, or both. Variable names are case-sensitive, so a spelling or capitalization error can prevent a service from starting or make it read a default value.

Replace every placeholder

Do not start the stack with sample values from .env.example. The official analytics reference specifically warns against running with placeholders. Treat the example file as a schema, not as a usable production configuration.

Use unique secrets

Generate installation-specific secrets and store them in a password manager or another access-controlled secret store. Do not reuse values from another Supabase project, commit .env to a public repository, or send it through unencrypted email. If a secret is exposed, rotate it using the procedure for the current release and update every dependent service.

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Set public URLs deliberately

The setup prompts and environment file include public URL settings. These values must match the hostname and scheme that browsers and API clients will actually use. Decide whether the service is reached directly or through a reverse proxy before finalizing them. A mismatch can produce incorrect callback links, browser-origin failures or links that point to an internal address.

Check release-specific variables

The set of variables changes between releases. Newer versions may add or rename settings, so do not rely on an old blog post or a copied list of secrets. Compare the checked-out release’s docker/CONFIG.md and .env.example with your existing file on every upgrade. If documentation disagrees with the files shipped by the release, investigate before starting containers.

Rootless Docker: set the socket location

If Docker runs in rootless mode, set DOCKER_SOCKET_LOCATION in .env. The official guidance warns that the Vector container exits without this setting. This requirement applies to rootless Docker; a conventional root-managed Docker installation follows its normal socket configuration.

  1. Confirm that the VPS is using rootless Docker.
  2. Open the deployment’s .env file.
  3. Set DOCKER_SOCKET_LOCATION to the socket path used by that Docker installation, following the value and syntax documented in the release’s CONFIG.md.
  4. Start or restart the stack with sh run.sh start.
  5. Use docker compose ps to verify that Vector remains running instead of exiting immediately.

Do not copy a socket path from a different user account. Rootless installations commonly use a per-user runtime location, so confirm the path on the VPS where the containers actually run.

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Start the stack and verify it

Run the start command from the directory containing the Supabase Docker files:

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sh run.sh start

The script starts the Compose project and waits for services. The equivalent Compose command is:

docker compose up -d --wait

Then inspect service state:

docker compose ps

A successful first run should leave the expected services in a running or healthy state. If a container repeatedly exits, stop treating the deployment as ready: inspect the configuration and the service’s Docker output, correct the underlying issue, and run the start command again. A green command exit alone is not proof that every service is usable.

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Perform a first-access checklist

  • Confirm that the public hostname resolves to the VPS address.
  • Check that the URL scheme and host in .env match the address you are opening.
  • Sign in with the dashboard credentials you set, rather than leaving an example value in place.
  • Verify that the API endpoint is reachable from the client network you intend to support.
  • Record the installed release tag and the date of deployment.
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Analytics and Log Explorer are optional

Logs & Analytics are disabled by default to save memory. A minimal deployment therefore starts without the additional analytics services. Enable them only when you need the feature and have capacity for the extra containers.

From the project directory, the documented enablement sequence is:

sh run.sh config add logs
sh run.sh start

This adds Logflare and Vector and enables Log Explorer in Studio. Afterward, run docker compose ps and confirm that the newly added services are healthy. If Vector exits on a rootless installation, set DOCKER_SOCKET_LOCATION as described above.

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Because analytics changes the resource profile, start with the official minimum only for a small or non-production deployment. For production-scale work, the guide’s 8 GB RAM and 4-core recommendation gives more headroom, but actual usage depends on traffic and retention. Monitor the VPS rather than assuming the recommendation guarantees capacity.

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Production networking and security decisions

The self-hosting guide summary does not specify a mandatory reverse-proxy or TLS procedure. In practice, many operators place a reverse proxy in front of the Docker services to terminate HTTPS, enforce host and certificate policy, and keep the application’s public URLs stable. Treat that as a common production pattern, not as a quoted Supabase requirement, and follow the proxy’s own documentation for certificate issuance and renewal.

  • Expose only the ports and services that your clients need; keep administrative interfaces off the public network when your architecture permits.
  • Use long, unique credentials and restrict who can read the VPS environment file.
  • Apply operating-system, Docker and Supabase updates on a schedule.
  • Define backups for the database and important object data, and test restoration on a separate environment.
  • Keep DNS, certificate and firewall changes documented so another administrator can recover the deployment.

Do not enable email auto-confirmation on a public server merely to bypass mail setup. The available evidence only identifies SMTP configuration as important for authentication emails; it does not establish a supported production shortcut. Configure mail delivery using the variables and guidance in the current CONFIG.md.

Common failures and fixes

Symptom Likely cause Action
Vector exits immediately on rootless Docker DOCKER_SOCKET_LOCATION is missing or points to the wrong socket. Set the variable to the active rootless Docker socket path documented for your release, then run sh run.sh start and check docker compose ps.
Services fail during the first start Placeholders remain in .env, a variable is misspelled, or a required value is invalid. Compare the file with docker/CONFIG.md and the release’s .env.example. Replace every sample value and check case exactly.
Public links or callbacks use the wrong host The configured public URL does not match the real hostname, scheme or proxy arrangement. Correct the public URL settings, then restart using the documented start command.
Authentication emails do not arrive SMTP settings are incomplete or incorrect. Configure the mail variables described in the current configuration reference and test delivery before inviting users.
Analytics consumes more memory than expected Logs & Analytics added Logflare and Vector to the stack. Disable the optional logs configuration if you do not need it, or move to a VPS with more headroom.
Upgrade introduces an unknown variable The release changed its configuration surface. Diff the old and new example files and read the matching CONFIG.md before restarting.

Upgrade and maintenance workflow

A pinned release is a starting point, not a permanent version. Use a repeatable maintenance runbook:

  1. Record the current tag, configuration revision and backup status.
  2. Read the release information for the target tag and check whether environment variables or startup behavior changed.
  3. Back up data according to your tested recovery procedure.
  4. Fetch the new repository contents or check out the new supported tag in a staging copy first.
  5. Compare the new .env.example and docker/CONFIG.md with your production .env. Add, remove or rename variables only when the release documentation requires it.
  6. Start the updated project with sh run.sh start.
  7. Run docker compose ps, test authentication and API access, and verify any enabled Log Explorer functionality.
  8. Keep the previous tag and a tested rollback plan until the new version has operated successfully.

Never overwrite a working environment file blindly during an upgrade. The file contains installation-specific secrets and URLs that should survive a version change unless the release explicitly requires rotation.

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Quick decision checklist

  • Choose at least 4 GB RAM and 2 CPU cores for the official minimum; choose 8 GB and 4 cores for production-scale work.
  • Use Linux with Docker Engine, Docker Compose and Git on the VPS.
  • Select the quick-start script for guided installation or the manual route for explicit tag and configuration control.
  • Work from the repository’s docker/ directory and create .env from the example.
  • Replace all placeholders and verify variables against the release’s CONFIG.md.
  • Set DOCKER_SOCKET_LOCATION when Docker is rootless.
  • Start with sh run.sh start and verify with docker compose ps.
  • Leave analytics disabled unless you need it; enable it with sh run.sh config add logs followed by sh run.sh start.
  • Document backups, updates, firewall rules, DNS and recovery before calling the VPS production-ready.

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