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What a working Cobblemon VPS setup requires
Cobblemon runs on Minecraft: Java Edition. It has Fabric and NeoForge builds, and all parts of the installation are version-dependent. The Minecraft version, loader, loader version, Cobblemon build, dependencies, Java runtime, server pack, and each player’s client files must agree. A server can start while still being unusable if one of those pieces is from a different release line.
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Think of the installation as a software matrix rather than a single download:
| Component | What must match | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Minecraft | The exact version selected for the server pack | Loader and mod compatibility is tied to the Minecraft version. |
| Loader | Fabric or NeoForge, including its compatible loader version | Fabric mods cannot be substituted for NeoForge files, or vice versa. |
| Cobblemon | The Cobblemon build named by the pack | Different Cobblemon releases can require different dependencies and configuration. |
| Java | The major version required by that Minecraft release | An incorrect runtime commonly causes an immediate launch failure. |
| Client pack | The matching client pack or matching mods and dependencies | Players need the same content and versions to join reliably. |
Use a current 64-bit Linux distribution, SSD storage, enough memory for the selected pack and player load, and a backup destination separate from the live server directory. A VPS is convenient because it stays online independently of a player’s home connection, but you remain responsible for updates, firewall rules, backups, and recovery.
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Choose Fabric or NeoForge for the pinned Minecraft version
Neither loader is universally better for Cobblemon. Choose the one for which the selected Minecraft version has a complete, version-matched Cobblemon pack and clear client instructions. Do not choose a loader first and then mix files from another loader to fill gaps.
| Decision point | Fabric | NeoForge |
|---|---|---|
| Availability | Supported for the Minecraft versions covered by the chosen Cobblemon release. | Supported for the Minecraft versions covered by the chosen Cobblemon release. |
| Java guidance | Java 17 for Minecraft 1.18.2–1.20.4; Java 21 for 1.20.5 and newer. | Java 17 for Minecraft 1.20.2–1.20.4; Java 21 for 1.20.5 through the latest supported versions. |
| Server startup | Use the installer or server launcher supplied for the exact Minecraft version. | The installer creates a server launch script; the standard Linux start command is ./run.sh. |
| Pack choice | Use the Fabric Cobblemon pack, including every dependency and configuration file. | Use the NeoForge Cobblemon pack, including every dependency and configuration file. |
| Best practical criterion | The loader with a complete pack, compatible dependencies, and a client setup that matches your chosen Minecraft version. | |
Write down the exact Minecraft version, loader version, Cobblemon version, Java major version, and pack release before installing anything. This short record is invaluable when diagnosing a failed update or helping a friend install the client.
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Select the machine
- Choose a 64-bit Linux image that receives security updates.
- Use SSD-backed storage. World generation, region saves, backups, and log writes are noticeably more demanding on slow disks.
- Reserve memory for Linux and background services; never assign every byte of VPS RAM to the Java process.
- Plan backup storage outside the live server directory. A snapshot on the same disk is not a complete disaster recovery plan.
Create an administrative account
Log in with the provider’s initial administrative account, create a non-root user for routine work, grant that user the required administrative privilege, and use SSH keys rather than password-only access. Apply the provider’s normal SSH hardening guidance before exposing the server to players. Run package updates, then reboot if the distribution requests it.
Keep the game server owned by its own unprivileged account. Running Minecraft as root makes a compromised mod, script, or configuration mistake far more damaging.
Install the Java version required by Minecraft
Java is determined by the Minecraft release, not by the VPS distribution. Fabric’s version guidance uses Java 17 for Minecraft 1.18.2 through 1.20.4 and Java 21 for 1.20.5 or newer. NeoForge uses Java 17 for 1.20.2 through 1.20.4 and Java 21 for 1.20.5 through the latest supported versions.
| Minecraft release | Fabric Java major version | NeoForge Java major version |
|---|---|---|
| 1.18.2–1.20.4 | 17 | 17 for NeoForge-supported 1.20.2–1.20.4 |
| 1.20.5 and newer | 21 | 21 |
Install the headless server runtime from your distribution’s package manager. On Debian- or Ubuntu-based systems, the package names commonly follow this pattern:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jre-headlessFor a 1.20.5-or-newer installation, use the distribution’s Java 21 runtime package instead. Package names differ across distributions, so select the package that provides the required major version rather than copying a package name blindly.
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Verify the active runtime before launching the server:
java -versionThe output must show the major version you recorded. If one VPS hosts servers requiring different Java versions, install both runtimes and invoke the intended binary by its full path in each server’s startup script. Do not “fix” a Java error by changing versions without checking the loader and Minecraft compatibility matrix.
Create an isolated Cobblemon directory
Use a dedicated directory such as /srv/cobblemon and make the server user its owner. Keep archives and verified backups elsewhere, for example on a separate mounted volume.
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sudo mkdir -p /srv/cobblemon
sudo chown -R cobblemon:cobblemon /srv/cobblemon
sudo -u cobblemon -H bash
cd /srv/cobblemonThe exact user and group names are yours to choose. Isolation prevents unrelated services from sharing configuration files and makes it possible to retain the old directory during an upgrade.
Install the selected loader
NeoForge installation
Download the NeoForge installer that matches the pinned Minecraft release into the empty server directory. Run the installer with the required Java runtime:
java -jar neoforge-installer.jar --installServerThe installer generates the server files and a Linux startup script. Start it once with:
./run.shThe first run may stop after creating eula.txt. That is expected. Do not repeatedly launch it while the EULA remains unset.
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Fabric installation
Download the Fabric installer or server launcher for the exact Minecraft version you selected. Fabric’s documented installer pattern is:
java -jar fabric-installer.jarUse the options and filenames shipped with that release. Installer interfaces and generated launch files can change between Minecraft versions, so do not copy a command for a different release without checking what files were actually created.
Install the complete Cobblemon server pack
Prefer the complete Cobblemon server pack for the selected loader and Minecraft version. Extract every file into the empty server directory, not just the mods folder. A pack can include configuration, scripts, datapacks, default settings, and dependency files that are required for a consistent world.
- Confirm that the pack’s loader is the one installed on the VPS.
- Confirm that the pack’s Minecraft version matches the loader and Java choice.
- Preserve the pack’s directory structure and startup files.
- Read the pack’s release notes for required migrations or one-time commands.
- Keep a copy of the original archive and record its version beside the live installation.
Every player must install the corresponding client pack, or the exact client-side mods and dependencies specified by the pack. A vanilla client, a Fabric client pointed at a NeoForge server, or a client with a different Cobblemon build will not provide a dependable connection.
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Accept the EULA and complete the first start
Run the loader once and inspect the console. If eula.txt is created, read the Minecraft EULA and set eula=true only if you agree to it:
sed -i 's/^eula=false/eula=true/' eula.txtIf you prefer, edit the file in a text editor instead; the important result is a single line containing eula=true. Start the server again using the generated loader command or script.
Watch the console and logs/latest.log through a complete startup. Resolve missing dependencies, wrong Java versions, loader mismatches, and configuration errors before inviting anyone. The first successful start also creates the world and dimension data, so allow it to finish before stopping the process.
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Open the network path
Minecraft servers normally listen on TCP port 25565. If you set another value in server.properties, use that custom port consistently in the provider firewall, Linux firewall, and client address.
- Add an inbound TCP rule for the selected port in the VPS provider’s firewall or security-group control.
- Add the same rule to the Linux firewall on the VPS.
- Confirm that
server.propertiescontains the intendedserver-port. - Leave
server-ipempty unless you have a specific binding requirement; an incorrect address can prevent the process from listening. - Test from a client outside the VPS network. Testing only from the server itself does not prove that the public path is open.
The official NeoForge guidance notes that you may need to open the default Minecraft port in the system and/or network firewall. Both layers matter: allowing a port in Linux does not override a provider-level block, and allowing it at the provider does not open a local firewall rule.
Set memory, storage, and performance expectations
A Cobblemon server-pack guide gives about 8 GB of dedicated memory as a starting point. Treat that as a starting allocation for a small deployment, not a universal requirement. Adjust for concurrent players, world size, exploration rate, view distance, and additional mods. Leave operating-system headroom and watch actual usage before increasing the JVM limit.
- Memory: allocate enough for the chosen pack while retaining room for Linux, file cache, and monitoring. An oversized heap can also create long garbage-collection pauses.
- CPU: world generation and simulation are sensitive to single-thread performance; more virtual CPUs do not automatically eliminate tick lag.
- Storage: use SSD storage and monitor free space. A full disk can stop world saves and corrupt logs or backups.
- Backups: store them outside the active directory and retain more than one restore point.
Monitor startup time, tick warnings, disk usage, memory pressure, and backup completion. Increase resources only after identifying the bottleneck; adding RAM cannot repair a blocked port or an incompatible mod.
Run the server safely after installation
For a quick administrative session, run the generated script inside a terminal multiplexer so an SSH disconnect does not terminate the process. For a permanent service, create a systemd unit that runs as the dedicated server user and starts from the server directory. A minimal pattern is:
[Unit]
Description=Cobblemon server
After=network.target
[Service]
User=cobblemon
WorkingDirectory=/srv/cobblemon
ExecStart=/srv/cobblemon/run.sh
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetUse the actual startup script generated by your loader. If the server requires a Java path or JVM memory flags, place them in the pack’s supported startup configuration rather than inventing a second launch command. After creating the unit, reload systemd, enable it at boot, and inspect the service log whenever startup fails.
Stop the server through its console command before maintenance. Killing the process can interrupt region and player-data writes.
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Connect the first player
- Install the exact client loader, Minecraft version, Cobblemon build, and dependencies named by the server pack.
- Launch the client once to verify that the pack loads without a dependency error.
- Enter the VPS public address and port. Use
address:portwhen the port is not 25565. - Join while watching the server console and
logs/latest.log. - Confirm that the player can load into the world, move, interact with Cobblemon content, and reconnect after a normal disconnect.
Only after this test should you distribute the address to the rest of the group. A successful local connection from the VPS itself is not a substitute for an external client test.
Troubleshoot the common failures
The process exits immediately with a Java error
Run java -version as the same user and from the same startup script used by the service. Compare the major version with the Minecraft release: Java 17 applies to the older ranges listed above, while Minecraft 1.20.5 and newer require Java 21 for the documented Fabric and NeoForge setups. If multiple runtimes are installed, point the script or service at the intended binary.
The log reports a missing mod or dependency
Recheck the loader, Minecraft version, and Cobblemon pack release. Restore the complete pack rather than copying a single jar into mods. A dependency built for Fabric cannot satisfy a NeoForge dependency requirement, and the reverse is also true.
The server starts but a client is rejected
Compare the client’s loader, Minecraft version, Cobblemon version, and dependency list with the server. Remove stale client jars and install the matching client pack. Read the server and client logs for the first mismatch; later errors are often consequences of that initial version conflict.
Friends see “connection refused” or a timeout
- Confirm the server process is running and listening on the intended port.
- Check
server-portinserver.properties. - Allow inbound TCP traffic in both the VPS provider firewall and Linux firewall.
- Verify that the address resolves to the VPS and that players are using the custom port when one is configured.
- Test from a network outside the VPS to avoid a misleading same-network result.
The world lags or the VPS runs out of memory
Check concurrent players, exploration and world size, view distance, disk capacity, and additional mods before changing heap settings. About 8 GB dedicated is only a starting point from the cited server-pack guidance. Reduce unnecessary load, retain operating-system headroom, and scale the VPS when monitoring shows a sustained resource limit.
The server will not start after an update
Stop the process, restore the pre-update backup, and compare the target release notes with the old software matrix. Do not delete the old directory until the updated world has started successfully and a client has connected.
Back up and update without losing the world
Before changing Minecraft, the loader, Cobblemon, or any mod, stop the server cleanly and back up the complete installation. Include the live world, all dimensions, player data, configuration, scripts, permissions, and administrative files. A backup containing only world or only mods is not a complete rollback point.
- Announce maintenance and stop the server through its console.
- Copy or archive the entire server directory to storage outside the live path.
- Record the Minecraft version, loader version, Cobblemon version, Java major version, and pack release in the backup name.
- Verify that the archive can be read and, ideally, perform a test restore in a separate directory.
- Read the target pack’s release notes and upgrade one version boundary at a time.
- Keep the old directory until the new installation has completed startup and an external client has joined.
Never test an unverified upgrade on the only copy of a valued world. If the new release changes world data or dependencies, the old backup is your recovery path.
Pre-launch checklist
- One pinned Minecraft version is written down.
- Fabric or NeoForge is selected, and every server file uses that loader.
- The Java major version matches the Minecraft release.
- The complete Cobblemon server pack is installed, including configuration and startup files.
eula=trueis set only after the EULA has been accepted.- The server starts cleanly and
logs/latest.loghas no unresolved dependency or version errors. - The selected TCP port is open in both firewall layers.
- A matching client pack has joined from outside the VPS network.
- SSD capacity, memory headroom, monitoring, and off-server backups are in place.
- The complete installation has a tested restore point before the first update.
Bottom line
Set up Cobblemon as a controlled, version-matched Minecraft service: choose the loader and pack first, install the Java major version that release requires, use an isolated Linux directory, accept the EULA, open the port at both firewall layers, and make the client match the server exactly. Starting with about 8 GB dedicated memory can be reasonable for a small pack-supported deployment, but player count and world activity should determine the final VPS size. Clean stops and complete backups are what make future updates recoverable rather than risky.
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