Run Uptime Kuma on a reachable server, persist its /app/data directory on local storage, create monitors, and publish a status page from the web interface. For most installations, Docker is the shortest supported route: expose port 3001, then put the instance behind HTTPS on your domain with a reverse proxy that forwards the original host and WebSocket headers. A public page is deliberately slower than the dashboard: Uptime Kuma documents a five-minute cache and five-minute refresh cycle.
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What you are building
Uptime Kuma is an easy-to-use self-hosted monitoring tool. You operate the server, storage, upgrades, DNS and public URL instead of sending monitor data to a hosted status-page provider. The result has two surfaces:
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- The dashboard: an authenticated administration interface where you add monitors, inspect incidents and configure notifications.
- The status page: a read-only, public-facing page that displays selected monitors for visitors.
The official status-page documentation describes the page as intended for public users to check the status of services. It also documents a five-minute result cache and a page refresh every five minutes. Therefore, a visitor may see an outage or recovery several minutes after the dashboard shows it. That behavior is part of the status-page design, not evidence that monitoring has stopped.
A sensible production layout is a small Linux or Windows host running Kuma, a persistent local volume for its SQLite-backed data, and a reverse proxy that terminates HTTPS for status.example.com. If the monitored application and Kuma share the same machine, a host failure can hide both the service and its status page; place Kuma outside that failure domain when practical.
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Choose an installation method and host
Docker: the shortest supported path
Docker packages the application and its runtime. The official image is louislam/uptime-kuma:2, and the container listens on port 3001. You need a host that is reachable from the systems you want to monitor and, for a public page, reachable by your reverse proxy or the internet-facing network edge.
Non-Docker installation
The project lists major Linux distributions and Windows 10 or Windows Server 2012 R2 and newer for the non-Docker route. Node.js must be at least version 20.4. This route gives you direct control of the process and service manager, but you must install and maintain the runtime yourself. If you do not specifically need that control, Docker reduces the number of host-level variables.
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Hosted one-click deployments
The official installation material also lists one-click deployment options such as PikaPods and Koyeb. These can remove server maintenance, but you still need to understand persistent storage, the public URL, domain mapping and the five-minute status-page behavior. Confirm the provider’s current networking and backup features before treating a hosted deployment as your monitoring authority.
Install Uptime Kuma with Docker
Use a named Docker volume so the database and configuration survive container replacement. Run this command on the host:
docker run -d --restart=unless-stopped -p 3001:3001 -v uptime-kuma:/app/data --name uptime-kuma louislam/uptime-kuma:2The official wiki says the instance is then available at http://localhost:3001 when you open it from the Docker host. From another computer, use the host’s address and port if the firewall permits it.
- Install Docker Engine or Docker Desktop on the selected host.
- Run the command exactly once. The
-doption detaches,--restart=unless-stoppedrestarts Kuma after a host reboot, and-v uptime-kuma:/app/datakeeps application data outside the disposable container layer. - Open
http://localhost:3001, orhttp://HOST_ADDRESS:3001from an allowed network. - Complete the first-run account setup and sign in to the dashboard.
- Confirm that the container is running with
docker psand inspect startup messages withdocker logs uptime-kumaif the page does not load.
Bind only to localhost behind a reverse proxy
If the service should never be reached directly from the network, publish it only on loopback:
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docker run -d --restart=unless-stopped -p 127.0.0.1:3001:3001 -v uptime-kuma:/app/data --name uptime-kuma louislam/uptime-kuma:2Your reverse proxy then connects to 127.0.0.1:3001, while the public firewall exposes only the proxy’s HTTPS ports. This reduces the chance that visitors bypass TLS or reach the administration port directly.
Use Docker Compose when you manage configuration as code
Docker Compose is supported through the project template. A minimal service keeps the same image, port and persistent path:
services:
uptime-kuma:
image: louislam/uptime-kuma:2
container_name: uptime-kuma
restart: unless-stopped
ports:
- "127.0.0.1:3001:3001"
volumes:
- uptime-kuma:/app/data
volumes:
uptime-kuma:Save the file as compose.yaml, then start it with:
docker compose up -dUse the same local-volume rule as the one-command installation. Compose makes later image changes and host-side review easier, but it does not replace backups.
Protect the persistent data directory
Uptime Kuma stores its SQLite-backed application data under /app/data. Keep that path on a local filesystem with POSIX file-lock support. The project specifically warns against placing the directory on NFS because SQLite locking may not behave correctly, creating a corruption risk.
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- Use a Docker named volume backed by local disk, or a local bind mount with reliable permissions.
- Do not relocate
/app/datato NFS merely to centralize storage. - Before an upgrade, migration or host rebuild, stop or quiesce the container and copy the persistent volume using your normal backup system.
- Test that a backup can be restored to a separate instance; a file that exists but cannot be opened is not a useful backup.
The official material establishes the need for persistence but does not prescribe a backup interval. Choose one based on how much monitor history and configuration you can afford to recreate.
Open the dashboard and add monitors
After the first sign-in, add the checks that should appear on the public page. Uptime Kuma’s README lists several monitor families, so choose the check that matches the failure you want to detect rather than using HTTP for everything.
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| Monitor family | Use it for | What it verifies |
|---|---|---|
| HTTP(S) | Websites, APIs and HTTPS endpoints | Whether an endpoint responds according to the configured HTTP check. |
| TCP | Database, mail or custom service ports | Whether a TCP connection can be established to the port. |
| Ping | Reachable hosts and network devices | ICMP reachability from the Kuma host, where permitted. |
| DNS record | Name-resolution monitoring | Whether the expected DNS response is returned. |
| Keyword or JSON query | Content-sensitive checks | Whether a response contains the required text or JSON value, not merely a successful connection. |
| Push | Scheduled jobs and workers | Whether the job reports its own heartbeat to Kuma before its deadline. |
| Docker container | Containers on the local Docker host | Whether the selected local container is running as expected. |
Build monitors that explain an incident
Give each monitor a precise name, such as “Checkout API” or “Game server login,” and use the target that represents the user-facing dependency. A TCP check can show that a port is open while the application is returning errors; an HTTP check with a keyword or JSON assertion can catch that difference. Conversely, a keyword check is unnecessary when simple reachability is the only requirement.
For push monitors, configure the scheduled job to call its generated push endpoint only after successful work. Set a timeout that allows for normal scheduling delay but still alerts before users notice a missed run. For Docker-container monitors, ensure Kuma has the access required to inspect the local Docker engine.
Configure notifications separately from the public page
The status page tells visitors what is happening; notifications tell operators to investigate. Uptime Kuma’s README lists Telegram, Discord, Gotify, Slack, Pushover, SMTP email and more than 90 notification services.
- Open the notification settings in the dashboard and add the channel your on-call team actually watches.
- Send a test notification before attaching it to every monitor.
- Attach notifications to the monitors or monitor groups that need action, rather than broadcasting low-value checks to everyone.
- Keep the public page free of secrets. Notification credentials belong in the authenticated dashboard configuration, not in monitor names, URLs or incident text.
A notification outage and a monitored-service outage are different failures. Keep at least one notification path independent of the service being monitored—for example, do not rely solely on an SMTP server hosted by the same application stack.
Create the public status page
Once monitors exist, create a status page from the Uptime Kuma interface and select the monitors that visitors should see. The exact monitor selection is a product decision: a public page usually contains user-facing services, while internal databases, hostnames and maintenance checks remain private.
- In the dashboard sidebar, open the status-page area and choose the action to add a new status page.
- Set a display name and a unique slug. The status-page documentation reserves
defaultfor backward compatibility, so do not use that slug for a new page. - Add the monitors and groups that belong on this page, arranging them in the order visitors need.
- Save the page and open its generated public URL in a private browser window where you are not signed in.
- Copy that URL into your incident communications and service documentation only after confirming that it is read-only and does not expose dashboard controls.
You can create multiple status pages for different audiences. The documented domain-mapping feature allows separate pages to use different domains or hostnames. Treat each slug and domain as an independent public surface and review its monitor membership whenever you add a new service.
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Put Uptime Kuma on your own domain
1. Create DNS for the public hostname
Create an A record pointing the hostname to the reverse proxy’s public IP, or a CNAME pointing it to the hostname your proxy provider gives you. DNS changes can take time to appear according to the record’s TTL. Verify that the name resolves to the proxy, not directly to an unprotected Docker port.
2. Configure the reverse proxy upstream
Forward the hostname to the Kuma listener, commonly 127.0.0.1:3001 when Docker is bound to loopback. Preserve the original host by forwarding Host or X-Forwarded-Host; the status-page documentation says Kuma uses that header to identify the current domain.
Uptime Kuma uses WebSockets. Your proxy must also pass the WebSocket upgrade headers:
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";The directive names differ between proxy products, but the required behavior is the same: preserve the host and pass Upgrade and Connection during a WebSocket handshake. Without that, the dashboard may show connection errors even though ordinary HTTP requests reach Kuma.
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In the status-page settings sidebar, add the domain you created in DNS and associate it with the intended page. Save, then test the custom hostname in a private browser window. Confirm the certificate matches the hostname, the page loads without a port number, and the page is the one whose slug and monitor list you selected.
4. Keep administration private
Use the public hostname for the read-only status page, not as a shortcut around dashboard authentication. If your proxy supports separate routes, expose the status-page path or mapped domain publicly while restricting administrative access to a VPN, office network or other trusted access path. At minimum, bind the container to localhost and enforce HTTPS at the proxy.
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Understand the five-minute status-page delay
The most common “stale status page” report has a straightforward explanation: the official wiki says the page caches results for five minutes and refreshes itself every five minutes. The dashboard can therefore show a new incident while a visitor still sees the previous state.
What visitors should expect
- A newly detected outage may not appear immediately on the public page.
- A recovery may remain visible until the cache expires and the next refresh occurs.
- Refreshing the browser repeatedly does not guarantee a newer result while Kuma’s page cache is still valid.
- The public page and the authenticated dashboard are not equivalent real-time views.
How to diagnose a page that seems stuck
- Open the dashboard and check the monitor’s current status and event history.
- Open the public URL in a private window and note when its displayed state changes.
- Wait through the documented five-minute cache and refresh interval before treating the difference as a fault.
- Check that the custom domain maps to the intended status page and that the proxy forwards the correct host header.
- If the dashboard itself has connection errors, inspect WebSocket handling and confirm that
UpgradeandConnectionare forwarded. - Check proxy or CDN caching rules. A second cache in front of Kuma can make the documented delay longer; configure it not to cache the status-page response beyond your operational tolerance.
Do not advertise the page as a second-by-second incident feed. State the five-minute behavior in your service documentation so customers know what the page can and cannot prove.
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Upgrade a Docker installation
Back up the persistent volume before changing the image. With a one-command installation, stop and remove the old container while retaining the named volume, then recreate it with the same volume and image tag:
docker stop uptime-kuma
docker rm uptime-kuma
docker pull louislam/uptime-kuma:2
docker run -d --restart=unless-stopped -p 127.0.0.1:3001:3001 -v uptime-kuma:/app/data --name uptime-kuma louislam/uptime-kuma:2If your original deployment publishes on all interfaces, retain that deliberate choice or change the port mapping only after confirming the reverse proxy’s upstream. Compose users can pull the image and recreate the service with docker compose pull followed by docker compose up -d.
Recover after a failed change
- Check
docker ps -aanddocker logs uptime-kumafor startup or permission errors. - Verify that
/app/datais still mounted and that the volume name has not changed. - Confirm the host has free disk space and that the data path is local rather than an NFS mount.
- Roll back to the previously working image tag only after preserving the current volume for investigation.
- Restore the last known-good data backup to a separate test container before replacing production data.
Plan for dependency and host failure
Keep Kuma on a host whose network path is independent of the services it reports when possible. If the same power, hypervisor, DNS provider or network edge fails for both Kuma and the application, the public page may disappear exactly when it is most needed. This is operational guidance, not a product requirement, but it materially improves the page’s value during an incident.
Common setup mistakes
| Symptom | Likely cause | Correction |
|---|---|---|
| Port 3001 works locally but not from another machine | Firewall rules, loopback-only binding or a host address that is not reachable | Decide whether direct access is intended. If a proxy is used, keep loopback binding and test the proxy path; otherwise allow the required network path explicitly. |
| Container restarts with missing monitors | The container was recreated without the /app/data volume |
Recreate it with the original named volume or bind mount and restore a backup if data was overwritten. |
| Database errors after moving storage | SQLite data placed on NFS or another filesystem without reliable POSIX locking | Move /app/data to local storage and restore a verified backup. |
| Custom domain opens the wrong page | DNS or host forwarding does not match the status-page domain mapping | Check the A/CNAME target, the proxy’s Host or X-Forwarded-Host, and the page’s domain setting. |
| Dashboard shows WebSocket errors | Reverse proxy drops the upgrade handshake | Forward Upgrade and Connection headers to the Kuma upstream. |
| Public incident appears late | Five-minute status-page cache and refresh cycle | Use the dashboard for operator response and explain the public page’s documented delay to readers. |
| Monitor is green although users report failure | Check type does not test the failing layer, or Kuma cannot reach the service from its own network | Choose HTTP, keyword/JSON, TCP, ping, DNS or push monitoring according to the actual dependency and test from the Kuma host’s network position. |
A practical launch checklist
- Host meets the network and operating-system requirements, or Docker is installed.
- Docker data is persisted at
/app/dataon local storage with POSIX locking. - The container is set to restart and the volume is included in backups.
- Port 3001 is reachable only as intended; loopback binding is used behind a proxy.
- Every public service has a monitor that tests the failure mode users care about.
- At least one notification channel has passed a test message.
- A status page contains only information suitable for public disclosure.
- DNS points to the proxy, and the proxy forwards the original host plus WebSocket headers.
- The custom domain is mapped in the status-page settings and tested while signed out.
- Documentation tells visitors that status-page results can be up to five minutes behind the dashboard.
- A recent backup has been checked for restorability.
What Uptime Kuma is—and is not—for
Uptime Kuma is a strong fit when you want ownership of monitor data, flexible monitor types and a public page under your own domain. Docker makes the initial deployment compact, while the monitor families cover endpoint, network, content, job and container checks.
It is not a substitute for an independent incident-management system, a real-time streaming dashboard or a guarantee that the public page survives every failure affecting your infrastructure. Its documented five-minute cache and refresh interval, the need for correctly proxied WebSockets, and the SQLite storage requirements are design constraints to plan around. With those limits made explicit, a locally hosted Kuma instance can provide a clear, maintainable public view of service health.
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