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What Are the Different Controls and Features on a Game Controller?

A game controller combines directional inputs, buttons, sticks and sometimes extra features. Learn what the common controls are called and why layouts vary by model.
Length3 min Posted Quest giverVGSources Team
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A game controller is one device made up of several controls. The main ones are the directional pad, face buttons, analog sticks, shoulder controls and triggers; some models also add menu buttons, touch or audio features, and accessibility inputs. Their names and layout vary by controller, and what each input does usually depends on the game.

What are the main controls on a game controller?

PlayStation’s DualSense manual provides a concrete example of common gamepad controls. Its labels are specific to that controller; other brands and models may use different names or layouts.

Directional buttons (D-pad)

The D-pad is the directional input, usually operated with a thumb. A game may use it to move a character, navigate menus, or select items; the assigned action depends on the game.

Action or face buttons

On the DualSense, the four right-side buttons—triangle, circle, cross, and square—are labeled “Action buttons.” They are often called face buttons. Their in-game actions are not fixed across games.

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Analog sticks

The left and right sticks provide movable input, commonly used for movement, aiming, or camera control. On the DualSense, pressing the sticks also registers as button inputs labeled L3 and R3. The game determines what those inputs do. Sony’s manual also notes that the stick caps are changeable; replacement caps should be checked for compatibility with the specific controller model. Read the DualSense manual.

Shoulder buttons and triggers

These controls sit along the top edges of many gamepads. Button names and functions vary across models, so consult the manual for the controller you own rather than assuming a cross-brand label or mapping. The DualSense Edge, for example, has trigger-stop sliders for its L2 and R2 triggers; those sliders are a model-specific feature, not a standard part of every controller. PlayStation support: controller guides.

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System and menu buttons

The DualSense labels its system and menu controls PS, Create, and Options. These are the documented names for that model. Their behavior can depend on the game, console software, or context, so avoid assuming each has one universal function.

What extra features might a controller have?

Additional controls and hardware depend on the model. The DualSense manual identifies a touch pad and touch-pad button, light bar, player indicator, built-in speaker, microphone, mute button, and headset jack. The DualSense Edge support materials also identify an Fn button, rear button slots, and trigger-stop sliders. These are examples of product-specific features; they are not present on every game controller.

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How do customizable and accessibility controls work?

Some controllers and accessories let players change control placement or add inputs. PlayStation’s Access controller is a PS5-focused example designed for customization. Its product page describes swappable button and stick caps, adjustable stick length, configurable button assignments, and four 3.5 mm expansion ports for compatible additional buttons and specialty trigger switches.

PlayStation says users can configure up to 30 individual control profiles in PS5 settings, store three on the Access controller, and switch between stored profiles with its dedicated button. These counts describe the Access controller and PS5 settings, not controllers generally. The same product page identifies Logitech G’s Adaptive Gaming Kit for the Access controller: it includes eight plug-and-play buttons and triggers, a rigid mat with hook-and-loop arrangement, mounting options, and stick-on labels. This is a system-specific accessory, not an add-on for arbitrary gamepads. See PlayStation’s Access controller details.

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How can you identify the controls on your own controller?

  1. Check the model name. Look on the controller or in the console’s accessory settings, then find that model’s official manual or support guide.
  2. Match the physical layout to the manual. Identify the D-pad, face buttons, sticks, shoulder controls, triggers, and any extra buttons or ports by the manufacturer’s labels.
  3. Check the game’s control settings. The same input can perform different actions in different games, and some games let you remap controls.
  4. Verify compatibility before replacing or adding parts. Stick caps, expansion buttons, and specialty accessories may be limited to particular controller models or platforms.

To compare controllers for a particular setup, look at their input types and layout, additional features, replaceable or configurable controls, accessibility and external-input support, and compatibility with your console, game, or platform. Which features matter most depends on what you play and how you prefer to control it.

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