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What File Format Are Nintendo 3DS ROMs?

A 3DS cartridge dump commonly uses .3ds; .cci is the related game-card image extension, while .cia is an installable software archive.
Length2 min Posted Quest giverVGSources Team
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A Nintendo 3DS cartridge dump is commonly identified by the .3ds extension. You may also see .cci for a game-card image. A .cia file is different: it is an installable software archive, not simply another name for a cartridge dump.

What the main 3DS file extensions mean

Extension What it represents
.3ds The familiar, commonly used extension for a dumped 3DS game card. Retro Reversing describes it as an unofficial extension for the corresponding .cci image type (Retro Reversing, updated July 17, 2021).
.cci A Nintendo 3DS game-card image extension, according to the same technical reference. It describes .cci and .3ds as the same general image format (Retro Reversing, updated July 17, 2021).
.cia A “Citrus Installable Archive”: a package used to install 3DS software. It is not synonymous with a cartridge dump (Retro Reversing, updated July 17, 2021).

So, if the question is specifically about a cartridge dump, .3ds is the usual short answer; .cci is the related game-card image extension. If the file is a .cia, think installable package instead.

Other extensions you may encounter

3DS images can contain component files, so extracted files may have extensions that do not describe a complete cartridge image. Retro Reversing’s technical reference identifies these related types:

  • .cxi and .app: executable-image files.
  • .cfa: a non-executable archive, which can contain items such as electronic manuals.
  • .csu: a system-update file in the NCSD family.

The reference describes NCSD images such as .3ds and .cci as containing NCCH-format files such as .cxi and .cfa. These component extensions are useful context if you encounter extracted contents; they are not interchangeable names for a whole cartridge dump.

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What the extension does—and does not—tell you

An extension offers a clue to a file’s general category, not proof that the file is valid, legally obtained, compatible with a particular emulator, or usable by a particular console setup. Nintendo’s consumer support pages explain retail cards, downloads, storage, and system compatibility, but do not specify the internals of .3ds, .cci, or .cia files. The extension distinctions above come from Retro Reversing’s technical reference, rather than a current Nintendo format specification.

How cartridge and downloaded software differ

Nintendo says that downloadable 3DS software is saved to an SD card, while save data for a card version is stored on the game card. Nintendo also says that downloaded and card versions do not differ in content (Nintendo Support: Nintendo 3DS Downloadable Software FAQ). This describes the retail and download experience; it does not make a downloaded title’s storage file the same thing as a cartridge image.

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Nintendo’s support information says 3DS downloadable software, applications, and videos must be downloaded to an SD card rather than System Memory (Nintendo Support: How to Transfer Data Between SD Cards or microSD Cards). Specific card requirements depend on the console model.

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Which systems support Nintendo 3DS software?

Nintendo states that 3DS software is for systems in the Nintendo 3DS family; it cannot be used on DS- or DSi-only systems (Nintendo Support: Differences Between Nintendo DS, Nintendo DSi, and Nintendo 3DS). That is a statement about Nintendo software and console families, not a guarantee about how a particular file behaves in other software.

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Current status of 3DS eShop sales

Nintendo’s US support FAQ says sales of software and DLC for the Nintendo 3DS family and Wii U ended at 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on March 27, 2023 (Nintendo Support: Nintendo 3DS Downloadable Software FAQ). This date concerns eShop sales; it does not change what the file extensions mean.

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