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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11Docker’s essential workflow is straightforward: obtain or build an image, create and start a container with docker run, inspect its output, connect to it when necessary, and remove or restart it when the task is finished. For multi-container applications, use Docker Compose: docker compose up -d starts the application, logs and exec help you operate it, and down tears it down.
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The distinction that prevents many mistakes is lifecycle-related: docker run creates a new container, while docker start starts an existing stopped container. The commands below are organized around the decisions you make while developing, testing, and operating containers.
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Use these commands to confirm that the Docker client is installed, the engine is reachable, and a particular command is available:
docker --version
docker version
docker info
docker <command> --helpdocker --versionprints the client version.docker versionreports client and server information, which can reveal a daemon or compatibility problem.docker infodisplays engine details and configured resources.- Appending
--helpto a command displays its options and syntax. For example,docker run --helpis the quickest way to check a flag before using it.
If docker version cannot contact the server, fix the Docker engine or desktop service before troubleshooting an image or container.
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Understand Docker’s resource types
An image is the packaged filesystem and metadata used to create containers. A container is a runnable instance of an image. A volume stores data outside a container’s writable layer, while a network controls how containers reach one another. Compose groups those resources into a repeatable, multi-service application definition.
This model explains why deleting a container does not necessarily delete a named volume, and why rebuilding an image does not automatically replace a container that was created from an older image. Keep the resource type in mind when choosing a command.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsDownload, inspect, tag, and build images
Pull an existing image
docker pull IMAGE[:TAG]docker pull downloads an image and its layers from the configured registry. Include a tag when you need a specific image variant; otherwise Docker uses the registry’s default tag behavior.
List local images
docker images
docker image lsThese are equivalent listing forms. To inspect the metadata and configuration of one image, use:
docker image inspect IMAGEBuild from a Dockerfile
docker build -t NAME:TAG .The final dot is the build context, normally the current directory. The -t option assigns a repository name and tag so that later commands can refer to the result predictably.
Use the extended form when the build needs explicit controls:
docker image build --file Dockerfile -t NAME:TAG .
docker build --pull --no-cache --platform linux/amd64 --target production -t NAME:TAG .--fileselects a Dockerfile whose name or location differs from the default.--pullchecks for newer versions of base images.--no-cachedisables reuse of previous build layers, useful when cached output is suspect.--platformselects the target platform, such aslinux/amd64.--targetstops at a named stage in a multi-stage Dockerfile.
Use docker image inspect after a build when you need to verify the image’s entrypoint, architecture, labels, or other metadata.
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Tag and publish an image
docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]
docker push NAME:TAGdocker tag adds another reference to the same local image; it does not rebuild it. Push only after the target name and tag identify the registry location you intend to publish.
Run and manage containers
Create and start a new container with docker run
docker run --name NAME IMAGE
docker run -d --name NAME -p 8080:80 IMAGEdocker run creates a new container and starts it. If the image is not local, Docker pulls it first. In the second example, -d runs in detached mode and -p 8080:80 publishes host port 8080 to container port 80.
List running and stopped containers
docker ps
docker ps -adocker ps shows running containers. Add -a to include containers that have exited or were stopped. This is essential when a command appears to have “disappeared”: it may still exist but be stopped.
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Choose the right lifecycle command
| Command | What it does | Creates a container? | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|
docker run |
Creates and starts a container from an image, pulling the image if needed. | Yes | First launch or a deliberately new instance. |
docker start |
Starts an existing stopped container. | No | Resume a container listed by docker ps -a. |
docker stop |
Requests a graceful stop. | No | Normal shutdown. |
docker restart |
Stops and starts the same container. | No | Apply a simple restart without recreating it. |
docker kill |
Immediately terminates the container. | No | Emergency recovery when graceful stopping fails. |
docker rm |
Removes a stopped container. | No | Delete an obsolete instance; recreate it with docker run when needed. |
Stopping or removing a container is not the same as deleting a named volume mounted into it. Treat container lifecycle and data lifecycle as separate decisions.
Observe a container
docker logs CONTAINER
docker logs -f CONTAINER
docker inspect CONTAINER
docker stats CONTAINERdocker logsprints the container’s recorded standard output and error.docker logs -ffollows new output until you stop following it.docker inspectreturns detailed configuration and runtime metadata.docker statsshows live resource usage for running containers.
Publish ports and persist data
Map a host port to a container port
docker run -p 127.0.0.1:8080:80 IMAGEThe syntax is host-address:host-port:container-port. Binding to 127.0.0.1 keeps the published service reachable only from the Docker host. If you omit the address, Docker can publish on the host’s available interfaces, which is a broader exposure than many local development tasks require.
Use explicit --mount syntax
The current run reference supports the older -v/--volume form, but --mount makes the mount type and paths explicit:
docker run --mount type=bind,src=$PWD,dst=/app IMAGE
docker run --mount type=volume,src=DATA,dst=/var/lib/data IMAGE- A bind mount maps a host directory, such as the current project directory, into the container.
- A named volume is managed by Docker and is suitable for data that should survive container replacement.
- A tmpfs mount stores temporary data in memory and disappears when the container stops.
Create and manage a named volume independently when you want its lifecycle to be obvious:
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docker volume create DATA
docker volume ls
docker volume inspect DATA
docker volume rm DATABefore removing a volume, verify that no application still needs its contents. A container can be safely recreated while the data remains in the named volume, provided the replacement mounts the same volume at the expected path.
Enter a container, run commands, and copy files
Open an interactive shell
docker exec -it CONTAINER sh
docker exec -it CONTAINER bashdocker exec runs a command in an already-running container. Use sh when the image does not include Bash. The -i and -t options keep the session interactive and allocate a terminal.
Run a single command
docker exec CONTAINER COMMANDThis is useful for a quick health check, listing a directory, or invoking an application-specific administrative command without opening a shell.
Copy files between host and container
docker cp CONTAINER:/path ./local-path
docker cp ./local-path CONTAINER:/pathUse docker cp for one-off extraction or injection. For repeatable configuration and application data, prefer an image layer, a bind mount, a named volume, or the Compose file rather than manually copying files after every deployment.
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Commit only as an exceptional snapshot
docker commit CONTAINER IMAGE:TAGCommitting captures a container’s current filesystem as a new image. It can preserve an emergency state, but it is not a substitute for a reproducible Dockerfile and version-controlled configuration.
Connect containers with networks
docker network ls
docker network create APP-NET
docker run -d --network APP-NET --name APP IMAGE
docker network connect APP-NET CONTAINER
docker network disconnect APP-NET CONTAINER
docker network inspect APP-NET
docker network rm APP-NETA user-created bridge network provides DNS resolution by container name. Containers attached to the same network can communicate using names such as APP instead of relying on changing IP addresses. Use docker network inspect to confirm membership and configuration before diagnosing a connection failure.
Attach an existing container with docker network connect when it needs access to another network, and disconnect it when that relationship is no longer required. Remove a network only after its containers have been disconnected.
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Use Docker Compose for multi-container applications
Compose defines and runs multi-container applications from a Compose file. Start by validating the file and checking the Compose plugin:
docker compose version
docker compose configdocker compose config renders and validates the effective configuration, making it useful for catching malformed YAML or unexpected variable interpolation before startup.
Normal Compose lifecycle
docker compose pull
docker compose build
docker compose up
docker compose up -d
docker compose ps
docker compose logs -f SERVICE
docker compose exec SERVICE COMMAND
docker compose restart SERVICE
docker compose stop
docker compose down- Run
docker compose pullwhen services use images that should be downloaded from a registry. - Run
docker compose buildwhen services are built locally. - Use
docker compose upin the foreground when you want attached logs, ordocker compose up -dto leave services running in the background. - Check service state with
docker compose ps. - Follow one service’s output with
docker compose logs -f SERVICE. - Run an administrative command inside a running service with
docker compose exec SERVICE COMMAND. - Use
docker compose stopfor a reversible stop, anddocker compose downto stop and remove the application’s containers and networks.
Add --build to docker compose up when images should be rebuilt before startup. If service configuration or images changed, Compose can stop and recreate containers while preserving mounted volumes.
Compose builds accept controls including --no-cache, --pull, --push, --sbom, --provenance, and --with-dependencies:
docker compose build --no-cache --pull --with-dependenciesdocker compose up versus docker compose run
| Command | Purpose | Ports | Scope |
|---|---|---|---|
docker compose up |
Creates and starts the application’s configured services. | Publishes configured service ports. | Normal application lifecycle. |
docker compose run --rm SERVICE COMMAND |
Starts a one-off container for a task such as a migration or shell. | Does not publish the service’s configured ports unless --service-ports is supplied. |
Single task; --rm removes the temporary container afterward. |
Use docker compose run --rm SERVICE COMMAND for an isolated maintenance command, not as a replacement for bringing up the complete application.
Compose networking
Compose normally creates one default network for an application. Each service container joins that network and is reachable by the service name, so an application can connect to a database at a hostname such as db rather than a hard-coded container IP.
Define named networks in the Compose file when you need explicit segmentation, such as separating a front tier from a back tier. Services must share a network to communicate through that network.
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Inspect usage and clean up safely
docker system df
docker system prune
docker container prune
docker image prune
docker volume prune
docker network prune
docker events
docker inspect CONTAINER_OR_IMAGEStart with docker system df to see where disk space is being used. Use the narrower prune command that matches the resource you intend to remove:
docker container pruneremoves stopped containers.docker image pruneremoves unused image data according to the command’s selection rules.docker volume prunecan delete unused volumes and therefore deserves the greatest caution.docker network pruneremoves unused networks.docker system prunecombines cleanup categories and can remove more than expected.
Inspect the output and confirm what is unused before approving any prune operation, particularly when volumes contain databases or other persistent state. Run docker events in a separate terminal when you need a live stream of engine events while reproducing a failure.
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Fast troubleshooting paths
The container is not listed
Run docker ps -a. If the container exists but is stopped, use docker start CONTAINER. If it does not exist, use docker run and verify the image name, ports, mounts, and network options.
The service starts and exits
Read docker logs CONTAINER, then use docker inspect CONTAINER to check its configured command and state. A foreground process that exits normally will also end the container; restarting it does not change that command.
A published port cannot be reached
Confirm the mapping in the original docker run command or Compose configuration, check that the container is running with docker ps, and remember that a binding such as 127.0.0.1:8080:80 is intentionally local-only. For a Compose one-off task, use --service-ports with docker compose run if the task must expose the service’s configured ports.
Containers cannot find one another
Verify that both containers are attached to the same user-created network with docker network inspect APP-NET. In Compose, use the service name on the shared default or named network; do not depend on a container IP that can change when Compose recreates a service.
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| Need | Command |
|---|---|
| Check installation | docker version |
| Find stopped containers | docker ps -a |
| Build an image | docker build -t NAME:TAG . |
| Start a new container | docker run -d --name NAME -p 8080:80 IMAGE |
| Restart an existing container | docker start CONTAINER |
| Follow logs | docker logs -f CONTAINER |
| Open a shell | docker exec -it CONTAINER sh |
| Create persistent storage | docker volume create DATA |
| Join a named network | docker run -d --network APP-NET --name APP IMAGE |
| Start a Compose app in background | docker compose up -d |
| Run a one-off Compose task | docker compose run --rm SERVICE COMMAND |
| Remove a Compose application | docker compose down |
| Remove Compose volumes too | docker compose down -v |
Use docker compose down -v only when you intentionally want the Compose-managed volumes removed along with the application. For routine shutdown, plain down is the safer choice.
Quick Recap
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