The Tool Desk
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What a Joomla JPA backup contains
A Joomla .jpa archive is produced by Akeeba Backup. It is self-contained: the package normally includes the Joomla files, uploaded media, extensions and an exported database. The archive format is designed to be processed by Akeeba’s extraction and restoration tools, not by the unzip utility built into a desktop operating system.
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Extraction and restoration are separate stages. Kickstart reads the JPA package and writes its files to the target directory. After extraction, the ANGIE script included in the package opens a browser-based wizard that imports the database and writes the site-specific configuration. Running an extractor alone therefore does not produce a working, configured Joomla site.
Decide where the restore will run before uploading anything
Restoration overwrites the entire Joomla installation in the destination directory. It is not a content-only merge and it does not preserve the target site’s existing files or database tables as a second layer. Use an empty document root, a new staging directory, a disposable local site, or a server whose current contents you have intentionally backed up.
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Suitable destinations
- Replacement server: a new document root with a database created for the restored site.
- Staging copy: an isolated subdomain or directory used to test an upgrade or migration without touching production.
- Local server: a Joomla-compatible MAMP, WAMPServer or XAMPP installation for offline troubleshooting.
Record these details first
- The target web directory and its full filesystem path.
- The database host, database name, database user and password that the restored site will use.
- The destination URL, including whether the site will be at a domain root, a subdirectory or a local hostname.
- A copy of any existing target files and database if the destination is not completely empty.
The PHP version and server features must satisfy the Joomla version and extensions contained in the backup. If you do not know those requirements, identify the Joomla version from the backup’s documentation or an existing copy before starting; an archive can extract successfully and still fail later if the runtime is incompatible.
Choose an extraction route
Kickstart is the normal route because it handles the archive format and presents the restoration link after extraction. The choice of mode depends mainly on where you want to extract and whether the web server process can write files.
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| Route | Where files are written | Full ANGIE restoration | Permission fallback | Best use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kickstart in Direct mode | Target server through PHP | Yes, after extraction in a browser | No fallback if the process cannot write | Fastest normal server restore when ownership and permissions are correct |
| Kickstart in FTP mode | Target server through FTP operations initiated by Kickstart | Yes, after extraction in a browser | Works around an unwritable web process | Hosts where PHP cannot create or modify all destination files |
| Kickstart in Hybrid mode | Target server, switching methods as required | Yes, after extraction in a browser | Combines direct writes with FTP for problem files | Mixed-permission directories |
| Kickstart command line | Server or local command-line destination | No; ANGIE must be opened separately | Depends on the account running PHP | Automated or shell-based extraction when a browser is not convenient |
| Local extraction followed by upload | Desktop or local server first | Yes, once the extracted files and restoration script are on the target | Local filesystem permissions are usually easier to control | When server extraction repeatedly fails |
Regardless of the route, the destination is still replaced when ANGIE restores the database and site configuration.
Collect and verify every archive part
Start by listing files that share the same base name. A single-file backup ends in .jpa. A large backup may be split into a sequence such as site.j01, site.j02, site.j03 and finally site.jpa. The numbered files are segments of one archive, not independent backups.
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Multipart rules
- Obtain every numbered part, including any number higher than
.j02. - Keep the original base name and extension; do not rename a part to make it look like a ZIP file.
- Place all parts in one directory before starting extraction.
- The numbered parts are read first and the main
.jpafile comes last in the sequence. - Do not upload only the
.jpafile and assume Kickstart can fetch the missing segments.
If the files came from remote storage, verify that each download completed rather than relying on the file list alone. A truncated segment or a missing final part often presents as a generic corrupt-archive message, so checking the complete set is the quickest first diagnostic.
Prepare the target server
- Create the destination directory or select the empty directory that will become the Joomla document root.
- Confirm that the PHP process, or the FTP account you will use in Kickstart, can create directories and write files there. Correct ownership is preferable to broadly loosening permissions.
- Upload
kickstart.phpand every JPA part into that same directory. Do not extract the archive on your computer before this step unless you are deliberately using the local-extraction fallback. - Keep the target database credentials available. The database does not need to contain Joomla tables beforehand; ANGIE can import the database dump during restoration.
- If a site already occupies the directory, stop and make a verified copy before allowing any overwrite.
For a local restore, place the files in the web root used by MAMP, WAMPServer or XAMPP and make sure the local PHP build can run the Joomla version in the archive. For a remote restore, check that the chosen URL resolves to the directory containing kickstart.php.
Extract the archive with Kickstart
Browser-based extraction
- Open the target URL ending in
/kickstart.phpin a browser. - Allow Kickstart to detect the archive. If the detected name is not the expected base name, stop and check that all parts are present and named consistently.
- Select an extraction method. Choose Direct when the web process can write the directory, FTP when it cannot, or Hybrid when only some paths require FTP handling.
- Review any FTP connection fields if you selected FTP or Hybrid. The FTP account must point to the same destination directory that the browser URL serves.
- Start extraction and let the process finish. Do not delete a numbered part or refresh the page midway through a large archive.
- When Kickstart reports completion, follow its link to the restoration script included in the extracted files.
Kickstart can also apply file-pattern filters when you need only particular files. This is useful for recovering a media directory or a specific extension without unpacking every path, but selective extraction does not create a complete Joomla installation or restore the database by itself.
Command-line extraction
From the directory containing Kickstart and the archive, Akeeba documents these forms:
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php kickstart.php archive.jpaphp kickstart.php archive.jpa /extract/toUse the second form to specify an explicit destination. The command-line interface extracts files only; it does not run the database import or finish site configuration. After it completes, serve the extracted directory and open the included restoration script in a browser to continue with ANGIE.
Run ANGIE to restore the database and configure Joomla
After extraction, open the restoration link supplied by Kickstart. The script is commonly named ANGIE and is part of the backup package. It reads the exported database and guides you through settings that cannot be known when the backup was created.
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- Choose the database engine and enter the target database host.
- Enter the database name, user name and password recorded during preparation.
- Use the database prefix and other import options presented by the wizard unless you have a specific migration reason to change them.
- Run the database restoration and wait for the wizard to report completion before closing the browser tab.
Do not point the wizard at an important database that contains another live application. The imported Joomla tables are intended to represent the backup’s complete site state.
Set URL, path and permission values
Review the destination URL and filesystem paths shown by ANGIE. If the site moved from a domain root to a subdirectory, or from one domain to another, enter the new values at this stage rather than leaving references to the old location. Confirm temporary-directory and file-permission choices as well; incorrect paths can make administrator logins, extension updates or media uploads fail even when the database import succeeds.
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Finish the wizard
- Apply the configuration changes requested by ANGIE.
- Complete the final cleanup screen or instruction presented by the wizard.
- Open the restored front end in a new tab.
- Open the administrator area and test an administrator login.
Verify the restored site before declaring success
A successful extraction message proves only that files were written. Use a short acceptance checklist for the working site:
- The home page loads without redirecting to the old hostname.
- Administrator login works and the control panel can read the database.
- Images, downloads and other media open from their expected paths.
- Extensions load without fatal PHP errors and their configuration screens are accessible.
- Scheduled tasks, cron-triggered jobs or queue workers point to the new paths and still run.
- Email transport uses the credentials and sender settings appropriate to the new environment.
- Forms, search, caching and any third-party integrations behave as expected on the new URL.
Test both a clean browser session and an administrator session. Cached redirects, absolute URLs and cookie domains can make a migration appear fixed for one user while remaining broken for another.
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Remove restoration material and close the security gap
Once the site passes its checks, remove or protect kickstart.php, every uploaded archive part, and temporary restoration files. Leaving a backup package in a web-accessible directory can expose the site’s source files, configuration and database export to anyone who guesses the filename. If your host provides a file manager or deployment log, confirm that the cleanup actually removed the files rather than merely hiding them from the directory listing.
Troubleshoot common failures
Kickstart says the archive is corrupt
- List the directory and confirm that every
.j01,.j02and subsequent numbered part is present. - Check that all parts have exactly the same base name and that the main
.jpafile is the final segment. - Compare download sizes with the files supplied by the backup source; a partial transfer can look like a complete file.
- Re-upload the complete set together. Do not try to repair the set by renaming extensions or opening a part with a normal ZIP utility.
Files cannot be written
Use Kickstart’s FTP mode when the PHP process lacks permission to create or modify paths. Hybrid mode is useful when most files are writable directly but a few directories are owned by another account. If server-side extraction remains impossible, extract to a local filesystem and upload the resulting files, then run the included restoration script on the target.
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The command finishes but no site appears
This is normal for command-line Kickstart. The CLI performs extraction only. Configure the web server to serve the extracted directory and open ANGIE in a browser; the database restoration and final configuration happen there.
The restored site redirects to the old domain
Re-enter the destination URL and path values in ANGIE if the migration is still in progress. After the wizard completes, inspect Joomla’s configuration for an old live-site URL, cached redirect or hard-coded extension setting, then clear relevant caches and test in a private browser window.
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Use Kickstart’s selective file-pattern extraction instead of unpacking the entire archive. Remember that recovering files alone does not recover database records, extension settings or Joomla configuration; those require a full restoration.
The file is JPS rather than JPA
.jps is Akeeba’s encrypted archive format. It requires the exact case-sensitive archive password used when the backup was created. A JPA procedure cannot decrypt a JPS package without that password.
Quick Recap
Practical restore plans
Moving to a new server
- Create the new database and document root.
- Upload Kickstart and every archive segment.
- Extract with Direct, FTP or Hybrid mode according to write permissions.
- Run ANGIE with the new database credentials and destination URL.
- Change DNS only after the restored front end, administrator area, media and email have been tested.
Building a staging copy
- Create an isolated subdomain or directory and a separate database.
- Restore the archive there so production files and tables are not overwritten.
- Set the staging URL in ANGIE and block public indexing or access while testing.
- Verify extensions, scheduled tasks and outbound email so staging does not accidentally act like production.
Recovering on a local machine
- Start a Joomla-compatible MAMP, WAMPServer or XAMPP environment.
- Place Kickstart and all archive parts in the local web root.
- Extract, open ANGIE through the local hostname and use the local database credentials.
- Adjust the restored URL and paths for the local directory, then test administrator access.
Final pre-restore checklist
- Every archive part is present, complete and unchanged.
- The main
.jpafile is in the same directory as the numbered segments. - The target directory and database are empty or intentionally disposable.
- PHP and server capabilities meet the Joomla and extension requirements in the backup.
- Kickstart has a viable write method: Direct, FTP or Hybrid.
- Database credentials and the new URL/path values are written down.
- You have a rollback copy of any existing target site.
- You know that command-line extraction still requires ANGIE afterward.
- You will remove Kickstart, archive parts and temporary files after verification.
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