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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchUpgrade PHP only after you have identified your exact Nextcloud release and installation method. Choose a PHP version supported by both the release you run and the next release you plan to install, make a restorable backup, place Nextcloud in maintenance mode, change the web and command-line PHP runtimes together, and upgrade one Nextcloud major version at a time. Never attempt an in-place downgrade if something fails; restore into a fresh installation instead.
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Start with the two facts that determine every safe upgrade
Find the exact Nextcloud release
Compatibility is tied to the Nextcloud major release, not merely to the PHP version already installed on the server. Read the version shown in the Administration overview, or run occ status from the Nextcloud directory as the web-server user. Record the complete version, including its major and point numbers, before changing PHP.
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The current system-requirements documentation lists PHP 8.3, 8.4 and 8.5, with PHP 8.5 recommended for the current documentation set (accessed October 15, 2026). That page is not a substitute for the release matrix when you run an older Nextcloud branch. The matrix edited September 1, 2026 is the authority for those older branches.
Identify how Nextcloud was installed
The commands in this guide assume a conventional archive installation on Linux. A Snap, Docker container, pre-built virtual machine, or operating-system package has a different PHP lifecycle and an authoritative updater supplied by that distribution point. Changing host PHP packages will not necessarily change the PHP runtime inside a container or appliance.
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- Archive installation: you control the files, web server, PHP integration and
occcommands directly. - Snap: follow the Snap publisher’s refresh and rollback procedure rather than replacing host PHP packages.
- Docker: change the image or compose configuration and recreate the container; do not modify a host PHP installation expecting the container to change.
- Virtual machine or appliance: use the image vendor’s documented update path and snapshot or backup process.
- Distribution package: use the package maintainer’s Nextcloud and PHP update instructions, including its service names and configuration layout.
If you cannot state both the installed Nextcloud release and the installation method, stop here. Guessing at either one is the most common way to select an unsupported PHP runtime.
PHP compatibility matrix by Nextcloud release
The following ranges come from the Nextcloud project’s maintained PHP-version matrix, edited September 1, 2026. A range means the listed PHP minor versions are supported for that Nextcloud major release; it does not promise that every operating-system package, extension or third-party app is compatible.
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| Nextcloud release | Supported PHP versions |
|---|---|
| 35 | 8.3, 8.4, 8.5 |
| 34 and 33 | 8.2–8.5 |
| 32 and 31 | 8.1–8.4 |
| 30 | 8.1–8.3 |
| 29 and 28 | 8.0–8.3 |
| 27 and 26 | 8.0–8.2 |
| 25 and 24 | 7.4, 8.0, 8.1 |
| 23, 22 and 21 | 7.3, 7.4, 8.0 |
| 20, 19 and 18 | 7.2–7.4 |
| 17 and 16 | 7.1–7.3 |
| 15 | 7.0–7.3 |
| 14 | 7.0–7.2 |
| 13 | 5.6, 7.0–7.2 |
| 12 and 11 | 5.6, 7.0, 7.1 |
| 10 | 5.4–5.6 and 7.0 |
For example, moving a Nextcloud 32 server directly to PHP 8.5 is not supported by this matrix. You must first move Nextcloud through releases until the target release supports PHP 8.5, or choose an interim PHP version supported by both the current and immediate target releases.
Keeping PHP current matters because obsolete PHP branches no longer receive security fixes and restrict the language features available to Nextcloud and its packages. Newer supported PHP branches can also improve performance, but compatibility and security come before any perceived speed gain.
Plan the release path before changing PHP
Use overlapping support, not the newest number by default
Write down three values: your current Nextcloud major release, the next major release you intend to install, and the PHP version you want to run afterward. Select a PHP version that appears in both releases’ rows in the matrix. If there is no overlap, upgrade Nextcloud first using a PHP version supported by the current release, then continue one major release at a time until the desired PHP version becomes valid.
Upgrade point releases first
Before every major-version hop, bring the currently installed major release to its latest available point release. Point releases contain fixes and migration preparation that the next major upgrade expects. Do not skip a major release: Nextcloud’s Administration Manual explicitly requires step-by-step upgrades.
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Allow migrations to finish
After each major upgrade, leave the server running and let scheduled background work complete before beginning the next hop. The upgrade manual gives two or three cron.php runs as an example. Large databases or file collections may require substantially longer; watch the Administration page and cron status rather than starting the next upgrade immediately after the first successful command.
Back up and prepare applications
Make a fresh, restorable backup immediately before every PHP or Nextcloud change. A backup that has never been restored is only an assumption, so verify that you can read the database dump and retrieve files from the data backup.
- Database: create a consistent dump using the database engine’s supported backup method.
- Data directory: include user files, versions, trash, and any externally mounted storage that is part of the deployment.
config/config.php: preserve database credentials, trusted domains, paths, salts and other local settings.
Read the target release’s critical-change notes. Review every third-party app and theme for support for both the target Nextcloud release and the PHP version. Disable third-party apps before the change, then re-enable them individually only after the core installation works. An app can fail even when Nextcloud itself passes its requirements check.
Put an archive installation into maintenance mode
The built-in updater enables maintenance mode automatically. For a manual PHP change or manual archive upgrade, enable it yourself from the Nextcloud installation directory:
sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --onReplace www-data if your web server uses a different account. Maintenance mode locks existing sessions and prevents new logins, so users cannot write data while code, PHP modules or database schemas are changing. Keep it enabled through the runtime switch, upgrade command and initial checks.
After verification succeeds, disable it with:
sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --offIf the command reports that occ cannot run, do not keep retrying with a random PHP binary. Confirm the installation directory, file ownership and the CLI PHP version first.
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Change PHP without creating a web/CLI mismatch
Install the supported runtime and extensions
Use the operating system’s normal package or image procedure to install a PHP minor version listed for both your current and immediate target Nextcloud releases. The documentation does not prescribe one universal package command: service names, repositories and extension packages differ among Linux distributions, containers and appliances.
Keep the extensions required by your deployment, including the database driver, XML, multibyte-string, GD or image-processing support, archive handling, internationalization and the modules required by enabled apps. Compare the enabled-module list before and after the switch instead of assuming a new PHP package copied every module.
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Nextcloud receives web requests through Apache’s PHP module or through PHP-FPM behind a web server. The php executable used for occ is a separate selection on many systems. Both must point to the same supported PHP branch, or you can see a healthy command-line check while the browser still runs an old interpreter (or the reverse).
- Record the current CLI result with
php -vand the enabled modules withphp -m. - Change the Apache PHP module or the PHP-FPM pool used by the Nextcloud virtual host, according to your operating system’s documented procedure.
- Restart or reload the relevant PHP-FPM and web-server services using the operating system’s normal service mechanism.
- Run
php -vagain as the account that will executeocc, and confirm that it reports the intended minor version. - Check the Administration overview after the web process is back; it must report the same supported PHP branch.
Do not mix a new PHP-FPM socket with an old pool configuration, and do not remove the old runtime until the web server, cron jobs and occ all work with the replacement. Keep the old package available during the validation window so you can return the service to the previous runtime without changing the Nextcloud database.
Upgrade Nextcloud after PHP is ready
Built-in updater
For most archive-based environments, the built-in updater is the easiest path. It handles maintenance mode and presents the release transition in the Administration interface. It still requires the backup, app review, supported PHP overlap and sequential-major rules described above. Follow the updater’s prompts, wait for it to finish, and do not refresh the browser repeatedly during a long migration.
Manual archive upgrade
Use the manual route when your deployment needs explicit file, service or timing control. The procedure below is intentionally generic because package and service commands vary by operating system.
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- Complete the backup and third-party-app checks, then enable maintenance mode.
- Download the target Nextcloud archive outside the current installation directory and verify its integrity using the project’s published verification method.
- Stop the web server and the Nextcloud cron job so no request or background task writes while the code is replaced.
- Move the existing code directory aside or otherwise preserve it, then unpack the new release in its place.
- Restore
config/config.phpand preserve the data directory; never overwrite user data with the archive’s empty data path. - Restore the ownership and permissions expected by the web-server account.
- Start the web server, change into the Nextcloud installation directory, and run the database and code migrations:
sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade- Re-enable the Nextcloud cron job and let scheduled background work run before the next major-version hop.
- Leave maintenance mode enabled until the checks in the next section pass.
Run the command from inside the Nextcloud installation directory. If your web account is not www-data, substitute the account that owns the installation and normally serves requests.
Complete migrations and verify the result
After a major upgrade, the Administration setup checks may identify database work that should be run manually. These commands can preview the SQL with --dry-run before making changes:
sudo -u www-data php occ db:add-missing-columns
sudo -u www-data php occ db:add-missing-indices
sudo -u www-data php occ db:add-missing-primary-keysUse the preview option first when you need to understand the proposed operations, and make sure the database backup remains available before applying them.
Work through this validation list while maintenance mode is still on:
- Confirm the displayed Nextcloud version is the intended point release.
- Confirm the PHP version in the Administration overview and from the CLI used to run
occ. - Test a real login, file listing, upload, download and deletion with a test account.
- Confirm that scheduled cron execution is running and that background migrations are progressing.
- Check database connectivity, storage availability and the Administration health warnings.
- Open core apps, then re-enable and test each third-party app one at a time.
- Review the web-server and PHP-FPM logs for errors generated during the first requests.
Only after these checks pass should you run maintenance:mode --off and return the service to users. Keep watching the logs and cron status during the first normal operating period; an app may execute a code path that a simple login does not exercise.
What to do when an upgrade stalls or maintenance mode remains on
Web updater timed out
A web upgrade can appear frozen when a PHP execution timeout ends the browser request while the migration continues or stops. Do not start a second web upgrade. From the installation directory, keep users out of the system and run:
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sudo -u www-data php occ upgradeIf the migration still does not complete, try:
sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:repairRead the command output and server logs before making another change. A repair command is not a license to skip a failed database backup or to remove tables manually.
Maintenance mode is still enabled after a successful check
Verify the version, PHP runtime, login test, storage and cron checks first. Then disable the mode explicitly:
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sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --offIf the command cannot run, use the same PHP binary and web account that successfully ran the upgrade, correct the path or permissions, and retry. Do not edit the database’s configuration rows by hand.
Never downgrade the existing installation to recover
Nextcloud states that downgrading is unsupported and risks corrupting data. Replacing newer code with an older release against the already-migrated database can leave schemas, file metadata and app data in an inconsistent state.
When recovery is necessary, build a fresh installation at the desired supported version. Restore the known-good database, data directory and config/config.php backup into that clean environment, then validate the PHP runtime, trusted domains, storage mounts and apps before exposing it to users. This takes longer than an in-place downgrade but preserves a defensible recovery path.
Choose an upgrade approach that matches your deployment
| Approach | Control over PHP and files | Typical downtime and risk | Use it when |
|---|---|---|---|
| Built-in updater on an archive install | Moderate; the updater controls code replacement while you control the host | Maintenance mode lasts through migrations; app compatibility remains the main risk | You want the simplest supported archive workflow |
| Manual archive replacement | High; you schedule services, files, permissions and CLI migrations | Downtime is deliberate and can be lengthy on large databases | You need change-window control, scripted checks or unusual web-server integration |
| Snap, Docker, virtual machine or package deployment | Defined by the publisher’s image or package lifecycle | Host-level PHP changes may have no effect; using the wrong procedure can leave components mismatched | You can follow that distribution point’s documented updater and backup process |
Regardless of approach, the rollback posture is the same: restore a known-good backup rather than downgrading the live database. The PHP path is safe only when the selected runtime is supported by both the current release and the next release in the sequence.
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Organisations that cannot tolerate a long recovery window may prefer Nextcloud’s own premium or enterprise support. Its current requirements documentation describes an option with five years of long-term support covering high and critical security issues, data-loss fixes and regressions. Availability, terms and geography can change, so confirm the current offer directly with Nextcloud before relying on it for a support commitment.
For a self-managed server, the same operational discipline still applies: document the installation method, maintain tested backups, rehearse a restore and schedule upgrades with enough time for migrations and app testing.
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