Run Uptime Kuma when your first question is “Can users reach the service?” Run Beszel when it is “Why is the server, container, or hardware struggling?” They monitor different sides of the same operation: Kuma probes from the outside, while Beszel collects telemetry from an agent installed on each machine. For a public game server, web panel, API, or home-lab service where both availability and diagnosis matter, running an independently placed Kuma prober alongside a Beszel hub and agents gives the most complete picture.
Neither is a universal replacement for the other. Kuma is the stronger availability monitor and status-page tool; Beszel is the stronger infrastructure and capacity monitor.
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Uptime Kuma and Beszel answer different monitoring questions
The most useful way to compare these projects is by the question they answer.
| Decision axis | Uptime Kuma | Beszel |
|---|---|---|
| Primary question | Is a service, endpoint, port, DNS record, or container responding? | How is the host, container, disk, network, or hardware performing? |
| Monitoring perspective | Outside-in probing from the Kuma instance | Inside-out telemetry from an agent on each monitored system |
| Architecture | One self-hosted application | PocketBase-based hub plus an agent on every monitored system |
| Typical objects | HTTP(S), TCP, DNS, ping, keywords, JSON responses, WebSockets, push checks, Steam servers, and Docker containers | Hosts, containers, disks, network interfaces, temperatures, fans, GPUs, batteries, S.M.A.R.T., ZFS, and system load |
| Presentation and alerting | Status pages, domain mapping, proxy support, two-factor authentication, and more than 90 documented notification services | Historical metrics, configurable alerts, multi-user access, OAuth/OIDC, API access, and automatic backups |
| Multi-machine model | One Kuma instance can probe many remote targets | One hub receives telemetry from agents installed on many systems |
This distinction matters during an outage. A Kuma check can tell you that a game-server port stopped responding. Beszel can show that the same host ran out of memory, filled its disk, overheated, or exhausted CPU while the failure developed.
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What Uptime Kuma monitors
Uptime Kuma is an easy-to-use, self-hosted monitoring tool focused on reachability and service checks. You define a target and a condition; Kuma periodically tests it and records whether the condition succeeds.
Service and endpoint checks
- HTTP and HTTPS: verify that a website, control panel, API, or webhook endpoint responds.
- TCP: test whether a port accepts connections, useful for game servers, databases, SSH, and custom services.
- Ping: check basic IP reachability and display response-time history.
- DNS: verify that a name resolves as expected.
- Keyword and JSON checks: require a page to contain specific text or a JSON response to match a condition, rather than treating any HTTP response as healthy.
- WebSocket: test applications that depend on a persistent WebSocket connection.
- Push checks: let a scheduled job report its own success by calling Kuma; missing calls become failures.
- Steam and Docker monitors: cover Steam-based servers and containers in addition to ordinary network endpoints.
Kuma also exposes certificate information and ping charts. These are operationally useful when a service appears reachable but its certificate is nearing expiry or latency is changing.
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Kuma can publish one or more status pages so users or teammates can see selected monitors without receiving access to the administration interface. Domain mapping and proxy support help place a status page on a separate hostname. Two-factor authentication protects the management interface.
The project documents more than 90 notification services. That breadth is useful when different incidents need different destinations, such as a chat channel for routine downtime and a paging route for a critical service. Notification behavior still depends on the provider, credentials, and network path you configure.
What Beszel monitors
Beszel is a lightweight server monitoring platform built around a central hub and agents. The hub stores and presents measurements; an agent runs on each monitored system and sends the data back.
Host and hardware telemetry
Beszel focuses on the reasons a service becomes slow or unreliable:
- CPU utilization and load
- Memory and swap pressure
- Disk capacity and disk I/O
- Network traffic
- Temperatures and fan readings
- GPU and battery information where the operating system exposes it
- S.M.A.R.T. health data
- ZFS-related statistics
- System and agent health
Historical data makes capacity work possible. Instead of seeing only the current CPU percentage, you can examine whether load has been rising, when a disk filled, or whether memory pressure precedes a recurring crash.
Containers and service groups
Beszel can report Docker statistics alongside host measurements. This helps distinguish a host-wide shortage from one container consuming disproportionate CPU, memory, storage, or network resources. The result is diagnostic context that an external HTTP check cannot provide.
Network monitors
Beszel agents can probe ICMP, TCP, HTTP, and DNS targets. These monitors report response time and packet loss, so Beszel has limited network-availability capability in addition to its core telemetry role. Network-monitor support requires agent version 0.20.0 or later. The documented packet-loss alert uses a default threshold of 5% over the previous hour and requires at least three probes before it fires.
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Those checks are useful for a small set of infrastructure targets, but they do not turn Beszel into a full status-page and endpoint-monitoring substitute for Kuma.
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Start with Kuma if your success criterion is visible to a user or client:
- A public website or API must respond with an acceptable status and body.
- A multiplayer server must accept connections on a particular port.
- A DNS record must resolve from the monitoring location.
- A certificate must remain valid.
- A scheduled backup or job must send a push heartbeat.
- Players or customers need a public status page.
- You want one application to check many remote services without installing software on every target.
Kuma is especially effective for game infrastructure where the important signal is “can players connect?” A TCP check can catch a closed game port, an HTTP check can verify a web map or panel, and a Steam monitor can cover a compatible server. Keyword or JSON assertions can detect an application that returns a technically successful response while reporting an internal error.
Choose Beszel first when infrastructure health is the requirement
Start with Beszel if you operate the machines and need to understand their condition:
- You manage several servers and want one historical dashboard.
- Disk growth, memory pressure, CPU saturation, or thermal issues can cause incidents.
- You need per-container resource usage rather than a binary up/down result.
- You care about S.M.A.R.T. or ZFS health.
- You need multi-user access, OAuth/OIDC, API access, or automatic hub backups.
- You want alerts that fire before a service becomes unreachable.
Beszel answers “why” questions. If a game server becomes sluggish at peak time, its CPU, memory, disk-I/O, load, and temperature history can reveal whether the problem is contention, a filling volume, a failing disk, or heat-related throttling.
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Run both when you need detection and diagnosis
Using both tools creates two independent views:
- Kuma detects the user-facing symptom. It reports that the endpoint, port, DNS record, or push heartbeat failed.
- Beszel supplies the operator context. Its host and container history shows what changed around the same time.
- You correlate the timelines. A Kuma outage aligned with a disk-full alert points to a different remedy than an outage with normal host metrics.
This combination is valuable because a service can still answer HTTP requests while its host is near exhaustion. Conversely, a host can look healthy while a reverse proxy, DNS record, certificate, or application process is broken. Keeping both signals prevents either layer from being mistaken for the whole system.
Deployment models and prerequisites
Uptime Kuma deployment
The official project documentation describes Docker Compose, a direct Docker installation, and a non-Docker installation. The non-Docker route requires Node.js 20.4 or newer, Git, and PM2 to keep the process running in the background.
Whichever method you use, treat Kuma’s data directory as important state: it contains monitor configuration, notification settings, and status-page data. The project documentation warns that NFS file systems are not supported for its data mapping, so place the data on a supported local or block-backed file system rather than assuming a network share is safe.
A practical deployment sequence is:
- Choose a host whose network location matches the availability question you are asking.
- Deploy Kuma with Docker Compose, Docker, or the documented Node.js and PM2 method.
- Persist its application data on a supported file system.
- Create one monitor per service or endpoint and select the check type that matches the failure you need to detect.
- Configure at least one notification route and test both a successful check and an intentional failure.
- Create a status page only for monitors you are comfortable exposing to its viewers.
Beszel deployment
Beszel uses a PocketBase-based hub and an agent on every monitored system. The hub is the central destination for telemetry; without an agent, a machine cannot provide Beszel’s host and container data.
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The documented Docker-agent example uses host networking, a read-only Docker socket mount for container statistics, a hub URL, a public key, a token, and a listen port. Review those privileges and network settings before copying the pattern into production. A read-only socket is safer than a read-write mount, but it still exposes information about the Docker host to the agent process.
Deploy Beszel in this order:
- Run the hub on a persistent host and complete its initial setup.
- For each monitored system, create or obtain the hub connection details required by the agent.
- Run the agent with the hub URL, public key, token, and listen-port settings.
- Add the system to the hub and confirm that current and historical metrics arrive.
- Add container statistics only when the agent has the Docker access it needs.
- Define alerts for capacity, health, and network conditions that matter to that machine.
- Back up the hub data and test restoration before relying on the dashboard during an incident.
Rootless-container limitations
When the agent runs in a rootless container, some host interfaces may be unavailable. The documentation specifically notes possible gaps for temperature, fan, battery, GPU, ZFS, S.M.A.R.T., and systemd metrics. If those readings are required, use the documented binary-agent approach or provide the additional host access needed by the container. Do not assume that a connected agent is collecting every metric shown in the product’s feature list.
Failure-domain placement determines whether alerts are trustworthy
An availability monitor is only independent if it can continue running when the monitored service fails. If Kuma runs on the same physical host, network, power circuit, or virtualization cluster as the service, a shared failure can take out both the service and the prober. Kuma may then be unable to send the outage notification or record the failure.
For public availability, place the Kuma instance in an independent location: a separate server, network, or small hosted instance with a different failure domain. The farther the prober is from the users you care about, the more its result reflects that vantage point rather than every user’s route, so choose the location deliberately.
Beszel has a different dependency pattern. The hub must be reachable by agents for new telemetry to arrive, while each agent observes its local host. A hub outage can interrupt collection from many systems, but it does not erase the value of the data already stored. Consider protecting the hub with persistent storage, backups, and an alert path that does not depend solely on the hub’s own interface.
Monitoring Docker containers and hosts together
For containerized game servers or web services, the tools divide responsibilities cleanly:
| Need | Best fit | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Know whether a published port accepts connections | Uptime Kuma | TCP monitoring tests the player- or client-visible interface. |
| Know whether an HTTP panel returns the right content | Uptime Kuma | HTTP, keyword, and JSON checks validate application behavior. |
| See which container consumes memory or CPU | Beszel | The agent reports container statistics with host context. |
| Detect a filling volume or disk I/O spike | Beszel | Disk capacity and I/O history expose the underlying trend. |
| Publish a user-facing incident page | Uptime Kuma | Status pages are a first-class Kuma feature. |
Use the external check as the availability contract and the agent telemetry as the operating evidence. A container marked “running” is not necessarily serving traffic, and a failed HTTP check does not by itself identify which container or host resource caused the failure.
Alerting, access control, and privacy
Alerting and presentation
Kuma’s notification breadth and status pages suit teams that need to communicate an outage as well as detect it. Beszel’s configurable alerts and historical charts suit operators who need thresholds, trends, and post-incident analysis. Decide whether an alert should represent a user-visible outage, an early warning, or a diagnostic condition; the right tool depends on that meaning.
Multi-user operation
Beszel documents multi-user access, OAuth/OIDC integration, API access, and automatic backups. These capabilities are useful when several administrators need the same infrastructure view. Kuma provides authentication features including two-factor authentication and can expose selected status pages separately from the administration interface.
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Privacy and control
Both projects are self-hosted, so monitor data, credentials, and alert configuration remain under your control. That also makes you responsible for updates, backups, TLS, access control, notification secrets, and the security of any agent-to-hub connection. Self-hosting removes a hosted monitoring dependency; it does not remove operational work.
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Installing Kuma beside the service it is meant to protect
Symptom: the service and monitoring dashboard disappear together during a host or network failure.
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Using only a ping check for an application
Symptom: the host responds to ICMP while the web panel, API, or game process is broken.
Correction: monitor the application interface itself with HTTP, TCP, keyword, JSON, WebSocket, Steam, or push checks as appropriate.
Assuming an HTTP 200 response means the service is healthy
Symptom: Kuma reports “up” while the page contains an error or the API returns an unhealthy JSON payload.
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Correction: add keyword or JSON conditions that represent a valid application response.
Expecting Beszel to collect every hardware sensor in a rootless container
Symptom: host, CPU, and memory data appear, but temperature, fan, GPU, ZFS, S.M.A.R.T., battery, or systemd metrics are absent.
Correction: use the binary agent or configure the additional host access documented for those metrics.
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Installing a Beszel agent without the required Docker visibility
Symptom: host metrics arrive but container statistics do not.
Correction: verify the agent’s read-only Docker socket mount and permissions, then confirm that the socket path matches the host’s Docker setup.
Treating Beszel network monitors as a complete external-monitoring system
Symptom: you have a few response-time and packet-loss checks but no suitable public status page or broad endpoint-monitoring workflow.
Correction: use Beszel network monitors for infrastructure probes and Kuma for comprehensive availability checks and status communication.
Failing to test notifications
Symptom: dashboards show an incident, but nobody receives an alert.
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A practical decision framework
Answer these questions in order:
- Who needs the signal? If it is a customer, player, or public user, begin with Kuma. If it is an operator investigating a machine, begin with Beszel.
- What is the monitored object? Endpoints, ports, DNS, certificates, and application responses point to Kuma. Hosts, containers, disks, sensors, and capacity point to Beszel.
- Do you need history for diagnosis? Beszel’s resource history is the better fit. Kuma’s check history is sufficient for availability and latency trends.
- Do you need a status page? Choose Kuma for that requirement.
- How many machines are involved? Kuma can probe many remote targets from one instance. Beszel requires an agent on each system but centralizes their telemetry in one hub.
- Can the monitor survive the outage? Place Kuma independently when external availability matters, and protect the Beszel hub with persistent storage and backups.
Bottom line
Uptime Kuma is the right first monitor for reachability, application checks, notifications, and public status pages. Beszel is the right first monitor for host, container, hardware, and capacity telemetry. Beszel can perform a limited set of ICMP, TCP, HTTP, and DNS probes, but that does not replace Kuma’s outside-in availability workflow.
For a serious self-hosted stack, run both: place Kuma where it can observe the service independently, and deploy Beszel agents on the machines you need to diagnose. Kuma tells you that users are failing; Beszel helps you determine why.
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