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Steam Remote Play and Moonlight can tie for latency on a healthy wired home network; Moonlight with Sunshine is more tunable and often steadier on Wi-Fi, but neither is always faster. In 2026 camera tests, both reached a median 17 ms of added lag over Ethernet, while Wi-Fi results changed by client device and codec. If your stream stutters, connect the host PC to the router by Ethernet before switching apps: network conditions, decoding and display scan-out can outweigh the choice of streaming software.
At a glance
| Name | Best for | Key spec | Free plan / price | Platforms | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steam Remote Play / Steam Link | Steam games, Steam Input, and Remote Play Together with minimal setup | 17 ms median added lag on Steam Deck over Ethernet; 34 ms over Wi-Fi in one 2026 test | Free | Steam Link: iOS, Android, Apple TV, Amazon Fire TV, Raspberry Pi, Windows, Linux, macOS, Meta Quest; PC-to-PC through Steam | November 2026 |
| Moonlight + Sunshine | Low-lag tuning, mixed game libraries, desktop streaming, and configurable codecs | 17 ms median added lag on Steam Deck over Ethernet; 33 ms over Wi-Fi in one 2026 test | Free | Moonlight: Windows, macOS, Linux, Raspberry Pi 4, Steam Link hardware, Android, Fire devices, iOS, Apple TV, ChromeOS; community ports also exist | November 2026 |
Latency figures are from Know Follow Through’s 2026 camera tests, not official product specifications. Results vary by client, network, codec, settings and display. The test versions included forks of the Moonlight/Sunshine stack; details and caveats follow.
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There is no universal winner. On a wired LAN, recent camera-timed comparisons found Steam Link and Moonlight at the same 17 ms median added lag in more than one setup. On Wi-Fi, Moonlight was slightly faster on a Steam Deck in one test, while Steam Link was faster on an iPad in another. The client and wireless path can change the outcome.
That nuance is more useful than old blanket claims that Moonlight is always much faster or that Steam is invariably smoother. Valve, Moonlight and Sunshine document features and setup recommendations, but none publishes a controlled, official head-to-head latency table. For current measurements, Know Follow Through’s Steam Deck and iPad comparison and 4K PyroWave comparison are useful independent evidence—not guarantees for every PC, router or display.
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| Test setup | Steam result | Moonlight result | What it suggests |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steam Deck, Ethernet | 17 ms median added lag | 17 ms median added lag | Tie in this test; each added about one 60 Hz frame relative to the HDMI-cable control, which added zero frames. |
| Steam Deck, Wi-Fi | 34 ms median; spikes in 3 of 10 runs | 33 ms median | Moonlight edged ahead, but the one-millisecond median difference is small; the Steam spikes are a separate consistency concern. |
| iPad, same Wi-Fi comparison | 17 ms median | 25 ms median | The result flipped on a different client. |
| 4K60, Wi-Fi 6E | 50 ms median with PyroWave | 17 ms median with HEVC | The high-bitrate PyroWave run was much slower over this wireless path. |
| 4K60, Ethernet | 17 ms median with PyroWave | 17 ms median with HEVC | The two codecs tied on the wired path in that test. |
These are source-reported medians, not universal app specifications. The first comparison used a gaming PC on Ethernet, stock settings, a custom lag tester and 240-fps slow-motion video across 60 streaming runs. Its Moonlight side used Apollo, a Sunshine fork. The 4K comparison used a Steam Deck LCD, a Nonary Moonlight client fork and Vibepollo host fork against a Steam Remote Play beta using PyroWave. It used a 4K60 host and slow-motion camera sampling. Those details matter: neither comparison is a pure test of every current stock installation.
In the 4K test, Moonlight HEVC averaged about 58–59 FPS at 86–89 Mbps, while PyroWave sustained 60 FPS at roughly 329–330 Mbps. That large bitrate difference makes the Wi-Fi result especially setup-dependent; the test’s PyroWave developers described the codec as intended for gigabit Ethernet rather than Wi-Fi at that time. PyroWave and the relevant forks were experimental, so treat the result as a snapshot, not a permanent ranking.
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Ping measures network round-trip time, not the complete delay from pressing a button to seeing the game react. A stream also includes host input capture, encoding, network transport, client decoding, frame pacing and the display’s scan-out and processing.
Know Follow Through reported that across 60 streaming runs the app explained 0.4% of the variation in lag; device, network and run-to-run Wi-Fi conditions explained the rest. That finding argues against choosing a stack based on brand alone. A stream overlay can help locate network or encode/decode problems, but an overlay’s ping or decode figure is not an input-to-photon measurement.
For example, a Steam Deck OLED tester reported a healthy Wi-Fi path with 3–4 ms ping, around 110 Mbps, no packet loss and roughly 21–29 ms display latency. Both Moonlight and Steam Remote Play using PyroWave then showed the same latency-and-packet-loss spike-and-recovery pattern when Wi-Fi faltered. Moving closer to a mesh node helped. That is a useful reminder that a radio interruption can look like an app failure even when both stacks exhibit it.
Do not confuse claims of “sub-10 ms” network or decode time with total button-to-screen latency. The 17–34 ms camera results include more of the actual display path; on a 60 Hz screen, one frame is about 16.7 ms. A TV’s motion processing can also add substantial delay: Quickfever’s 2026 guide says standard post-processing may add 50–100 ms, though that is a guide figure rather than a matched lab measurement. Turn on the TV’s Game Mode before judging either app.
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What makes Moonlight and Steam Remote Play different?
Both options run the game on your home PC, encode its video and audio, send the stream to another device, and return that device’s inputs to the host. Neither is a cloud gaming service. Their biggest practical differences are setup, library coverage, client ecosystem and how much control you want over streaming settings.
Steam Remote Play is the simpler Steam-first option
Steam Remote Play is built into Steam. Install or open Steam on the host, then stream through a Steam Link client or a second computer signed into Steam. Valve describes the service as real-time video encoding over a custom low-latency network protocol; video and audio travel to the client and remote input returns to the gaming PC. See Valve’s Remote Play page for current supported devices and features.
Steam Link clients include iPhone and iPad, Apple TV and Apple Vision Pro (11.0+); Android phones, tablets and TVs (Android 5.0+); Amazon Fire TV; Raspberry Pi 3, 3+, 4 and 5; Windows, Linux and macOS; and Meta Quest 2, 3 and Pro. PC-to-PC streaming works by logging into Steam on both computers and streaming a game from the host library. Availability can vary by platform and device software version.
Steam’s distinctive feature is Remote Play Together. For supported local-multiplayer games, the host launches the game and invites Steam friends; the host owns and runs it while the guests’ video, audio, voice and inputs are streamed. Valve says up to four players can join, with more possible on fast connections, but support is game-specific. Check the game’s store page. Remote Play Together does not support VR play.
Steam is also attractive on Steam Deck when you want Steam Input, including trackpads, gyro and community controller layouts, without adding a separate host service. Non-Steam games can sometimes be launched through Steam shortcuts, but that is less flexible than streaming a desktop or adding launchers directly in Sunshine.
Moonlight plus Sunshine offers more tuning and broader host support
Moonlight is an unofficial open-source streaming client. Its original host was NVIDIA GameStream, which NVIDIA discontinued; the Moonlight FAQ recommends Sunshine for hosting, especially if GeForce Experience streaming is unreliable. Sunshine is a self-hosted, GameStream-compatible host with hardware encoding support for AMD, Intel and NVIDIA GPUs, plus software encoding. Current Sunshine documentation is for v2026.214.224301. See the Moonlight FAQ and Sunshine documentation.
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Sunshine exposes a desktop stream and lets you add launchers beyond Steam, including Epic, Game Pass, GOG and emulators. Moonlight can offer control over H.264, HEVC and—when host and client support it—AV1, along with bitrate and HDR options. Capabilities depend on both ends: for example, an RTX 30-series GPU can decode AV1 but cannot hardware-encode it, while RTX 40-series adds AV1 encoding. Do not assume an AV1 stream is possible just because the client can decode AV1.
Moonlight clients are available for Windows, macOS, Linux, Raspberry Pi 4, Steam Link hardware, Android, Amazon Fire tablets and TVs, iOS, Apple TV and ChromeOS. Community ports exist for PS Vita, Xbox consoles, LG webOS TVs and embedded Linux, but those are not equivalent to the official client list. There is no pure web client because the protocol needs raw TCP/UDP sockets.
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Which should you choose for Steam Deck, Android TV or a mixed library?
Choose based on your use case rather than expecting one app to win every latency comparison. It is reasonable to use both: Steam for Steam Input and Remote Play Together, Moonlight for a desktop, mixed-store games or a carefully tuned living-room stream.
- Start with Steam Remote Play if your games are already in Steam, you want the least setup, or you rely on Steam Deck controller layouts. It can match Moonlight on a wired Deck in the 2026 camera test.
- Try Moonlight + Sunshine if you want to tune bitrate and codec, stream a full desktop, reach games outside Steam, or use supported HDR and 4:4:4 modes. It is also a practical choice for AMD or Intel host encoding.
- For Wi-Fi on a Deck, compare on your own route. One Deck test slightly favored Moonlight and saw Steam Link spikes, but an iPad test favored Steam Link. A Steam Deck OLED tester saw the same Wi-Fi spike pattern in both apps.
- For 4K PyroWave, prefer a wired path. The reported 4K Wi-Fi 6E result was much slower than Moonlight HEVC, while the Ethernet medians tied. The tested PyroWave version was experimental and used far more bandwidth.
- For couch TV play, check the whole chain. A capable decoder, adequate host GPU headroom, wired host connection and TV Game Mode can matter more than the app label.
A single-user 2026 report described markedly worse Steam Remote Play input feel than Moonlight in Geometry Dash on a 4K60 setup, but it was not a camera-timed input-to-photon study. Conversely, a 2026 Smartzone living-room test reported nearly imperceptible latency streaming 4K60 at 60 Mbit/s over Wi-Fi to a Google TV Streamer with Moonlight/Sunshine and an AMD Radeon 7600M XT mini-PC. Neither report establishes a universal result; they illustrate how particular game, host, client and display combinations can feel.
How do you reduce latency before changing apps?
Start with the physical network and display, then check encoding and frame pacing. Moonlight’s setup guide strongly recommends Ethernet from the host PC to the router and 5 GHz Wi-Fi 5 or Wi-Fi 6 from router to client. Sunshine lists CAT5e Ethernet or better in its higher-requirement network recommendations. Valve’s Remote Play VR minimums also specify a wired PC-to-router connection. A cable to the host is often the most useful first upgrade.
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- Wire the host to the router. Use Ethernet from the gaming PC to the router or access point. If the client is a handheld, a dock or USB-C Ethernet adapter can test a wired client path too. Keep the access point close to a Wi-Fi client and use a clear 5 GHz or 6 GHz connection where supported.
- Use hardware encoding and decoding. Sunshine supports AMD AMF, Intel Quick Sync and NVIDIA NVENC; Steam may use NVENC, AMF or software encoding depending on hardware and settings. Verify the stream overlay shows hardware encode/decode rather than assuming the GPU is doing the work. Older PCs without hardware H.264 decoding may struggle to sustain 60 FPS without lag.
- Match the game, stream and display refresh rates. Cap the game and stream to a rate the client panel can show. Steam Deck LCD runs at 60 Hz, while Steam Deck OLED supports 90 Hz; mismatches can create uneven frame pacing or dropped frames that feel like network lag.
- Set a sensible bitrate. More bitrate can improve image quality but can also fill queues or overwhelm Wi-Fi. Quickfever gives guide ranges of 60–85 Mbps on gigabit Ethernet and 30–45 Mbps on 5 GHz Wi-Fi, with more than 50 Mbps over Wi-Fi potentially causing micro-stutters; these are starting points, not universal limits. For WAN streaming, Moonlight’s guide advises choosing a bitrate at least 1 Mbps below your upload speed to leave room for other traffic.
- Enable Game Mode on the TV. Disable motion smoothing and other post-processing while diagnosing input lag. Those features can contribute more delay than the difference between streaming apps.
- Change one variable at a time. Use the same game scene, resolution, frame cap, client and network route. Compare an overlay to find likely network or decode trouble; use a high-speed camera or NVIDIA LDAT for an actual input-to-photon comparison. A ping test alone cannot score the whole stream.
For a local comparison, first confirm that the host and client are on the same home network and that the host is wired. If Steam Remote Play unexpectedly takes a relay path or shows a red connection indicator, community troubleshooting advice includes checking for VPNs or virtual adapters and restarting Steam. Moonlight generally connects host to client directly on the LAN; for access from outside home, you may need Sunshine UPnP or a private-network tool such as ZeroTier or Tailscale. Pair Moonlight on the local network first, especially for iOS and tvOS clients.
How do you set up each option?
Steam Remote Play has fewer steps if Steam is already installed. Moonlight requires a separate host service and PIN pairing but makes desktop and added-app streaming accessible.
Steam Remote Play
- Install and run Steam on the gaming PC, then sign in.
- Install the Steam Link app on a supported client, or sign into Steam on a second PC.
- Connect the client to the host as prompted, then select a game from the host library and start streaming.
- If the stream is unstable, reduce the game or stream resolution and check the host’s hardware-encoding options. Valve’s feature page covers supported devices and Remote Play Together.
Moonlight with Sunshine
- Install Sunshine on a supported host. The setup guide lists Windows 10/11; macOS 12 or later as experimental; and Linux distributions including Debian 11, Ubuntu 22.04 and Fedora 38 or later. The host needs a modern AMD, NVIDIA or Intel GPU for hardware encoding, or can use software encoding.
- Open
https://localhost:47990/on the host, create the Sunshine admin account and review the default apps, which include Steam and Remote Desktop. - Install Moonlight on the client, locate the host and pair it by entering the PIN in Sunshine’s web interface.
- Launch Steam, Desktop or an app you added. On Windows, leave ViGEmBus enabled during installation if you need controllers to appear as Xbox or PlayStation-style gamepads.
- If the host has no active monitor and you get a black screen with audio, try a virtual display driver or HDMI dummy plug. Set the Windows network profile to Private if discovery or firewall access is blocked.
Sunshine v0.22 and later supports end-to-end encryption for video, audio, control and connection setup. The Moonlight FAQ says full encryption is enabled by default for capable devices over the internet and can be configured separately for LAN and WAN.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Does Moonlight support HDR, and is it automatic?
No. HDR streaming depends on a compatible encode path, client and display. Sunshine’s host must support HEVC Main 10 encoding on NVIDIA, AMD or Intel hardware, and the client needs the applicable operating-system support plus an HDR10 display. A headless host may need an EDID emulator or dummy display to expose the right output mode.
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Moonlight documents potential HDR problems involving color flashes, scaling and toggling HDR. Check both host and client requirements in the Moonlight FAQ rather than assuming that a 4K stream is HDR. The same principle applies to 4:4:4 chroma: support on the client and sufficient bandwidth matter, and sharper desktop text may come at a bitrate or performance cost.
How should you interpret the 2026 codec results?
The 4K PyroWave test shows why “lower latency” and “better stream” are not interchangeable. Over Wi-Fi 6E, the test measured 17 ms median added lag for Moonlight HEVC and 50 ms for Steam PyroWave. Over Ethernet at 4K60, both measured 17 ms. PyroWave held 60 FPS at around 330 Mbps, versus about 58–59 FPS at 86–89 Mbps for Moonlight HEVC, with a Moonlight stutter around two minutes into sustained gameplay on both Wi-Fi and Ethernet.
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Image-quality scores were also mixed rather than a simple verdict. The tester reported VMAF overall scores of 81 for Moonlight and 80 for PyroWave; gameplay scored 82 for both, while desktop text scored 80 for Moonlight and 73 for PyroWave. In the worst 1% of gameplay frames, PyroWave scored 78 versus Moonlight’s 58; the control capture pipeline scored 94.5/100. The source notes VMAF is Netflix’s tool, trained around people viewing 4K up close: scores above 93 are generally hard to distinguish from the original, mid-80s are very good, and below 70 can show visible differences. These scores describe those particular capture conditions, not what every viewer will perceive.
The practical conclusion is conditional: Moonlight HEVC looked like the better Wi-Fi latency choice in that comparison, while PyroWave delivered smooth 60 FPS and stronger worst-case image frames over Ethernet at much higher bandwidth. Do not treat the PyroWave Wi-Fi result as proof that Steam Remote Play is inherently slow. A high-bitrate codec can be the wrong fit for a congested wireless path, and the tested Steam beta and Moonlight forks are not equivalent to every stock release.
How we picked the comparison criteria
This comparison prioritizes the reader’s actual question—input-to-screen delay—using 2026 camera-timed independent measurements where available, then separates those results from product capabilities and anecdotal reports. It also considers client device, wired versus wireless connection, codec, bitrate, Steam Deck usability, non-Steam library support, setup complexity and published network guidance. No official Valve-versus-Moonlight lab ranking exists, and no single test covers every host, client or route; the figures above are attributed to the specific sources and configurations that reported them.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Moonlight stream from a PC without an NVIDIA graphics card?
Yes. Sunshine supports hardware encoding on AMD, Intel and NVIDIA GPUs, with software encoding also available. The old NVIDIA-only limitation applied to the discontinued GeForce Experience GameStream host, not to current Sunshine hosting.
Can Steam Remote Play stream a game that is not in my Steam library?
You can sometimes add a non-Steam executable to Steam as a shortcut, but compatibility and controller behavior can vary. If you need to stream a whole desktop or regularly launch games from several storefronts, Sunshine’s desktop and added-app options are more direct.
Does Moonlight work in a web browser?
There is no pure web client in the official Moonlight client list because the streaming protocol needs raw TCP and UDP sockets. Use a supported native client or a community port where available.
Do I need a dummy HDMI plug to use Sunshine?
No. It is mainly a workaround for a headless host that produces a black screen or lacks a suitable display mode; a virtual display driver can be another option. HDR use may also require an HDR-capable display path or an EDID emulator.
